Basics on Rivers💦💧 Flashcards
What are the flows?
Through flow
Surface Run-off
Groundwater flow
What are the river processes?
Condensation Transpiration Interception Precipitation Evaporation
Features of the Upper Course
Narrow river channel V-shaped Valley Low Discharge Rough banks and bed Steep Gradient
Features of the Middle Course
Smoother Banks Wider valley Meanders/curves Flat Green/fertile
Features of the Lower Course
Much much wider Highest discharge Industry and settlements of river banks Deeper/-shallow gradient High risk of flooding Boats-river being used
What are the stores?
Reservoir
Groundwater
Ice
Ocean
Corrasion/abrasion?
Worn down by the rivers load-river throughs particles against bed and banks
Attrition?
The load bump into each other and are smoothed and broken down into smaller particles
Solution/corrosion?
Chemical action of river water- the acids slowly dissolve the bed and banks
Hydraulic Action?
The force of water against the bed and banks
How does an oxbow lake form?
The outside of the bend erodes away. Then more erosion occurs making the neck tighter. Eventually the neck breaks cutting off the meander. Finally an oxbow lake occurs cutting off from the river 💬
Velocity
Erosion rate increases as velocity increases- more load can be carried👣👣
Interlocking spurs
They are formed as the river takes the least resistant route down the hillside. Taking the advantage of any weaknesses I’m a rock
How does a waterfall/gorgesform?
The soft rock underneath the hard rock gets worn away by hydraulic action and a plunge pool is formed and the soft rock continues to be worn away! The hard rock falls in the plunge pool and a gorge is formed
Deltas
A delta is formed where the mouth of the river becomes choked by the sediment this causes the channel to split into hundreds of channels and they are called distributaries 😈
