Basics Of Ophthalmic Pharmacology Flashcards
List the 3 principal delivery systems for ophthalmic medications.
Topical, Injectable, Oral
Name the 4 principal forms of tropical ophthalmic medications.
Solutions,suspension, ointments and gels, inserts
Name 3 possible types of eye irritations caused by preservatives used in eyedrops.
Redness, tearing, pain
What is the major advantage of drugs dissolved or suspended in ointments or gels over eye drops?
Drug remains in contact with eye or lid longer
Which eye care professionals usually inject ophthalmic drugs?
Registered Nurse or doctor
Place the following steps for instilling eye drops or applying ointments in the proper order
A. Check the doctors instructions
B. Expose the lower conjunctival cul-de-sac.
C. Wash your hands throughly.
D. Instruct patient to open the eyes and look up.
E. Gently close the eyelids for 2 minutes.
C. Wash your hands throughly
A. Check the doctors instructions
D. Instruct patient to open the eyes and look up
B. Expose the lower conjunctival cul-de-sac
E. Gently close the eyelids for 2 minutes
Which of the following actions is most important in ensuring adequate drug delivery of an ophthalmic suspension?
A. Wash your hands throughly
B. Shake the bottle to distribute the drug thoroughly
C. Gently wipe the tip of the applicator with a sterile cotton ball
D. Press the patients lacrimal sac.
E. Express a small amount on to a cotton ball.
B. Shake the bottle to distribute the drug thoroughly
Drugs that paralyze the iris sphincter muscle and dilate the pupil are called which of the following?
A. Anesthetics
B. Short-acting agents
C. Corticosteroids
D. Cycloplegics
E. Miotics
D. Cycloplegics
Mydriatic agents are used for what purpose?
A. To dilate the pupil
B. To paralyze the iris sphincter muscle
C. To treat inflammation of the eyelids
D. To treat accommodation problems
E. To treat infections
A. To dilate the pupil
Fluorescein and rose bengal aid in which of the following?
A. Deadening nerves
B. Diagnosing certain corneal problems
C. Treating viral infections
D. Inhibiting bacterial growth
E. Treating angle-closure glaucoma
B. Diagnosing certain corneal problems
Antimicrobial agents inhibit or kill which 3 kinds of organisms that cause infection?
A. Fungi, cysts, and bacteria
B. Bacteria, hormones, and viruses
C. Bacteria, viruses and osmotics
D. Bacteria, viruses and fungi
E. Bacteria, microorganisms and fungi
D. Bacteria, viruses and fungi
If the doctors prescription indicates to “apply eye drops TID” , what would you advise the patient that this means?
A. Use the drops in the morning
B. Use the drops once a day
C. Used the drops three times a day
D. Use the entire prescription of drops before discarding the bottle
E. Use the eye drops as needed
C. Use the drops three times a day.
Within a few minutes of applying anesthetic eye drops, the patient complains of itching around the eye and difficulty breathing. What would your best first action to take?
A. Loosen the patients collar
B. Suspect an allergic reaction and call for the doctor immediately
C. Apply Corticosteroid drops
D. Begin cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
E. Have the patient lie down
B. Suspect an allergic reaction and call for the doctor immediately
Which of the following best defines fluoroquinolone?
A. An antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections
B. An antifungal agent used to treat mycotic keratitis
C. A sunscreen used for ultraviolet (UV) light protection
D. A medication used to treat migraine headaches
E. A corticosteroid agent used to treat inflammation
A. An antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections
