basics of flight

Question 1

CORE VALUE

Answer 1

Pursuit of Excellence

Customer First

Integrity

Safety

Concern for Staff

Teamwork

Question 2

mission statement

Answer 2

Singapore Airlines is a global company dedicated to providing air
transportation services of the highest quality, and to maximising
returns for the benefit of its shareholders and employees.

Question 3

ceo

Answer 3

Goh Choon Phong since 2011

Question 4

how did sq survive covid

Answer 4

1Raised Funds: Secured S$22.4 billion through shareholders and bonds for liquidity​

Innovative Initiatives: SIA converted a grounded A380 into a pop-up restaurant to generate revenue and maintain customer engagement

Cost-Cutting: Deferred aircraft deliveries, renegotiated contracts, and implemented pay cuts​

Fleet Management: Retired older planes, integrated SilkAir, and acquired new Airbus A350s​

Strategic Partnerships: Expanded codeshare agreements with Malaysia Airlines and Garuda Indonesia​

Staff Retention: Implemented temporary pay cuts and allowed employees to take other jobs temporarily, preventing severe staff shortages

Question 5

sq businessess

Answer 5

1 passenger service
2 cargo
3 engineering
4 scoot

Question 6

How does an altimeter work?

Answer 6

Altimeter measures altitude using air pressure.

Aneroid capsule inside changes shape with pressure changes.

Capsule movement moves a pointer to show altitude.

Pilots adjust it for local air pressure to ensure accuracy.

Question 7

how does a turbofan

Answer 7

ingesting
compressing
combusting
expulsion

air will be ingested, separated into 2 parts.

small portion enters the engine core

other by pass the interior assembly

fan rotor draws in ambient air

goes though low and high pressure compressor

combustion, build up of heat causes air to expand,

air goes though low and high pressure turbine causing them to rotate

energy drives compressor and fan

bypass flow cause up to 80% of the thrust

Question 8

how does a plane fly

Answer 8

Bernoullis + colanda + conservation of mass

lift is achieved via thrust, another fundamental force of flight, when thrust is applied due to newton 3rd law it propells the plane forward, which will then introduct parasitic drag also another fundemental force of flight. When enough lift is generated that exceeds gravitational weight force acting on the plane it enables flight.

Lift however is achieved via thrust, another fundamental force of flight, Newton’s third law I believe, equal and opposite forces, propelling the aircraft forward affecting V, a component of the formulae

Whilst thrust propels the aircraft forward, there’s the element of drag that’s generated based on the shape of the aircraft that’s being overcome as well, typically denoted as parasitic drag

When lift generated exceeds the gravity acting on the aircraft, enables flight.

2 aspects to lift
angle of attack
pressure differential

wing tilt up deflect air downwards newton 3rd law air will up the wing up generating lift

air attached to the wing due to colander effect.
curve surface on the top will compress air due to Conservation of mass, causing air to flow faster thus creating lower pressure

Question 9

how to increase lift

Answer 9

increase angle of attack

deploy flaps and slats

increase airspeed

Question 10

Primary flight control

Answer 10

Rudders ( yaw )
elevator ( pitch )
ailerons ( roll )

Question 11

secondary flight control

Answer 11

Flaps
slats
spoilers
speed brakes
Trim Tabs

Question 12

Explain pitot-static port

Answer 12

pitot and static helps gives reading to altimeter, vertical speed, airspeed

Question 13

How vertical speed is measured

Answer 13

static port

Vertical speed: Inside the VSI, there’s a calibrated leak that allows air to slowly equalize with the capsule, creating a pressure differential.This pressure differential causes the aneroid capsule to expand or contract, moving a needle on the dial

Question 14

explain how altitude is measured

Answer 14

static port

altimeter: pressure affects the aneroid capsule inside the altimeter because it’s sealed with a reference pressure of 1013 hp or 29.29 hg moving the metal level to show the altitude.

Question 15

explain how air speed is measured

Answer 15

pitot tube and static port

As the aircraft moves forward, air enters the pitot tube, which measures the total pressure

The static port measures the ambient atmospheric pressure surrounding the aircraft.

The ASI calculates the dynamic pressure by subtracting the static pressure

Air enters the pitot tube, creating total pressure (pitot pressure).

Static port measures the ambient atmospheric pressure.

Dynamic pressure is determined by subtracting static pressure from total pressure.

Question 16

types of airspeed

Answer 16

Indicated Airspeed (IAS): The direct reading from the airspeed indicator, not corrected for altitude or temperature.

True Airspeed (TAS): IAS corrected for altitude and temperature.

Ground Speed (GS): TAS adjusted for wind effects, representing the actual speed over the ground.

Question 17

what axes does the plane rotate on

Answer 17

longitude, latitude, vertical

Question 18

What is adirs

Answer 18

combines data from the air data and inertial reference components to provide flight information.

air data: Measures airspeed, altitude, and air temperature.

initial reference: Provides attitude, heading, and acceleration data.

Question 19

how many countries and destination does sq fly too

Answer 19

32 and 72 destination

Question 20

when was sq founded

Answer 20

1947 malayan airlines
1963 merge with malaysian airlines
1966 singapore airlines