Basics of Chemistry Flashcards
What are the states of matter
Solid, liquid and gas
Define an atom
The smallest particle of an element
Define an element
A substance that consists of only one type of atoms
Define molecules
They are formed when two or more atoms are chemically bonded
Define a compound
A substance formed when two or more elements are chemically bonded
Define a mixture
Two or more substances that are not chemically bonded
What was Dalton’s atomic model?
Solid spheres
What was JJ Thompson’s atomic model?
Plum pudding model - cloud of positive charge with electrons embedded in it
What was Rutherford’s atomic model?
Nuclear model - small positive nucleus with electrons orbiting around it
What is Bohr’s atomic model?
Electron shell model - small positive nucleus with electron shells around it
Define isotopes
Atoms of the same number of protons and different number neutrons
How do you separate mixtures?
Sold + liquid - Filtration
Dissolved solid - Crystallisation
Two liquids - Distillation
Why did Mendeleev leave gaps in the periodic table?
For undiscovered elements
