Basics of Asepsis

Question 1

Who poses the greatest risk of transmitting infections between patients?

Answer 1

Healthcare workers

Question 1

Why is a patient in the hospital at risk of infection?

Answer 1

Decreased immunity

Question 2

What is the easiest way to reduce transmission of infection throughout the hospital

Answer 2

hand washing

Question 3

Asepsis Definition

Answer 3

absence of disease producing microorganisms

Question 4

Cross Contamination Definition

Answer 4

Transmission of microorganism between places and/or persons

Question 5

Microorganisms Definition

Answer 5

Microscopic life forms that are present in every environment

Question 6

Sterile Definition

Answer 6

complete absence of all forms of microorganisms

Question 7

Nosocomial Infection Definition

Answer 7

Hospital acquired infection (HAI) - infection you didn’t have prior to being in the hospital

Question 8

Pathogen Definition

Answer 8

Microorganisms capable of causing disease in humans

Question 9

Virulent Organism Definition

Answer 9

Organism that can produce disease very easily in many indivduals

Question 10

Vegetative Organism Definition

Answer 10

Organisms in active growth- pose greatest risk in respiratory equipment

Question 11

What elements are needed for an infection to spread? (Chain of Infection)

Answer 11

Source of infectious agent, susceptible host, mode of transmission

Question 12

What factors make a patient more susceptible to infection?

Answer 12

Decreased immunity, poorly controlled diabetes, elderly, premature baby, HIV, chemo/radiation, surgical incision, urinary catheter, centrel venous catheter, ET tube

Question 13

How do infections spread to the lungs?

Answer 13

Aspiration of contaminated oral/gastric secretions, Patient intakes droplet containing pathogen, spread from infection in blood

Question 14

What is the CDC and what did they develop?

Answer 14

Center for Disease- developed guidelines for isolation of patients with infections

Question 15

What is the purpose of universal precautions (Stand Precautions)

Answer 15

Implies that all patients are assumed to be potentially infected and these precautions are to be carried out by all persons entering the room.

Question 16

Who should follow Standard Precaution guidelines?

Answer 16

All persons entering the room

Question 17

What guidelines are included in Standard Precautions?

Answer 17

Handwashing, use gloves, gowns, eye protection, mask to mouth ventilation devices, placed of infected patient

Question 18

What is the purpose of barrier devices and list the devices:

Answer 18

To protect you from the patients infection- PPE: personal protective equipment includes- gowns, gloves, masks, goggles, face shield, shoe covers, caps

Question 19

When is it important to wear gloves?

Answer 19

To protect you- should always be worn when doing procedures, especially when drawing blood, or exposure to potentially harmful microorganism

Question 20

What body fluids require standard precautions?

Answer 20

Blood, seman, vaginal secretions, tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid, pleural fluid, peritoneal fluid, amniotic fluid, nonintact skin, mucous membranes

Question 21

If you are at risk of being splashed with blood during a procedure, what is essential to wear?

Answer 21

goggles, mask, face shield, gowns, gloves

Question 22

What are the routes of transmission of infectious diseases?

Answer 22

eyes, nose, mouth, skin breaks or skin contact, urinary and reproductive tract, respiratory droplets, feces and urine

Question 23

Explain what needs to be followed in reference to sharps precaution:

Answer 23

dispose of all sharps items in speical puncture proof container labeled biohazards, never recap a needle, never dispose of needles or sharp object in trash can, do not remove discarded needles or syrings from sharpsor attemptto force a needle or sharp instrument into analready full container, always use gloves when drawing blood or handling contaminated items

Question 24

What is the purpose of a mask to mouth ventilation device?

Answer 24

To protect rescuer during CPR to not come in contact with patients mucus membranes

Question 25

What is drug resistant pathogen and what causes this to occur?

Answer 25

Pathogen in an infected patient that do not respond to antibiotics. this is caused from overuse or misuse of antibiotics