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汉语 ⁕ 한국어 > Basics EN → KO, ZH > Flashcards

Basics EN → KO, ZH Flashcards

1
Q

I; me

A

humble 저 neutral 나

我 wǒ

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2
Q

’s

A

~의

的 de

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3
Q

you (sg)

A

당신 (familiar)
너

你 nǐ

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4
Q

to be; is

A

copula ~이다 neg. ~이/가 아니다
to exist; to be located (at ~에) 있다

copula 是 shì (in front of adjective) 很 hěn
to be located at 在 zài

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5
Q

(Chinese) [perfective]

A

了 le

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6
Q

not, to … not

A

안 + verb
verb + ~지 않다
(be not) noun + ~이/가 아니다
(there is not) noun + ~아/가 없다

不 bù

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7
Q

[plural]

A

~들

们 men

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8
Q

this

A

이 + noun

这 (个) zhè (gè) + noun

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9
Q

one; a

A

일, 한 (하나)

一 yī

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10
Q

he; him; she; her

A

그; 그녀

他；她 tā [tha]

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11
Q

(Chinese) [question particle]

A

吗 ma

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12
Q

to have; there is

A

~은/는 ~이/가 있다
(there isn’t) … 없다

有 yǒu
(there isn’t) 没有 méi yǒu

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13
Q

[general counter]

A

(objects only) 개

个 gè

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14
Q

good; well

A

좋다; 잘

好 hao

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15
Q

to come

A

오다, 와요; 왔~

来 lái

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16
Q

man; person

A

인 (individual) 개인

人 rén (to know) 认 rèn [ʒen]

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17
Q

that

A

(medial or generic) 그 + noun
(distal; yon) 저 + noun

那 (个) nà (gè)

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18
Q

to want

A

(to wish) 원하다 (to desire) 바라다

(to demand) 要 yào, yāo (→ importance 요)

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19
Q

(Chinese) [interrogative particle]

A

么 me [mə]

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20
Q

offspring, son

A

자, 아들

子 zǐ

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21
Q

life; birth

A

생 → 생일 生日, 학생 学生

生 shēng

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22
Q

time

A

시간 long time 오래

时 shí (not 对 duì)
好久不见 hǎo jiǔ bú jiàn Long time no see.

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23
Q

manner, way

A

(means) 방식 方式
how 어떻게

(kind) 样 yàng 今天怎么样? Jīn tiān zěnme yàng? How are you today?
how 怎 zěn

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24
Q

manners, etiquette

A

예의
걔는 예의가 없어. He has no manners.

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25
Q

also; too

A

~도

也 yě

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26
Q

and

A

verb + ~고 (logical relation) ~서 (simultaneously same subject) ~면서 (simultaneously all the time no matter subjects) ~는 동안

noun + ~와/과/하고

和 hé

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27
Q

below, down

A

아래, 밑

下 xià

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28
Q

really, truly

A

정말로, 진짜로, 실제로

真 zhēn

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29
Q

to appear, to emerge

A

생기다, 나타나다, (to be visible) 보이다

现 xiàn

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30
Q

to do

A

하다

做 zuò, 干 gàn

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31
Q

big

A

크다

大 dà

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32
Q

to go out

A

나가다

出 chū

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33
Q

(it is …) o’clock

A

… 시이다

点 diǎn

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34
Q

to rise, to ascend

A

오르다, 올라요; 올랐~; 올라가다

起 qǐ

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35
Q

heaven; day

A

천국 天國, 일, 날, 낮

天 tiān

36
Q

to hold

A

들다, 들고 있다
to control 지배하다

把 bǎ – to grasp, to master, (colloquial) to be close
把尿 bǎniào to hold a baby while it relieves itself

37
Q

to open

A

(also about working hours) 열다

开 kāi

38
Q

to start

A

~이/가 시작하다

开 kāi (= to open)

39
Q

to allow, to permit

A

허가하다, 허락하다*

让 ràng

*In Chinese 许诺 xǔnuò to promise

40
Q

to give

A

주다 a present 성물하다

给 gěi

41
Q

but; yet

A

~지만

但 dàn

42
Q

to thank; thank you

A

감사하다 → 감사해요; 고맙다 → 고마워요*

고맙다 to be grateful, so lit. I am grateful → 고마워하다 to say “thank you”

谢 xiè → 谢谢你 Thank you.

43
Q

[continuous aspect, to be verb-ing]

A

~고 있다
고양이가 물고기를 보고 있어.

(正在 zhèngzài) + verb + 着 zhe
猫看着鱼。Māo kàn zhe yú. The cat is looking at the fish.
我们正在上着汉语课。Wǒmen zhèngzài shàng zhe hànyǔ kè. We are attending a Chinese lesson.

44
Q

only

A

~만

只 zhǐ

45
Q

some; few

A

a few 적은, 적은 수
a little 조금
part of it 일부의 certain 약간의
some of them 개중에는

些 xiē

46
Q

many; much

A

여러, 많은
↔ 많지 않은

多 duō

47
Q

as; as if

A

~ㄴ/은/는 같을 것
than (comparison) ~보다
저는 고양이보다 개를 더 두려워해요 (무서워해요).

如 rú

48
Q

scary, fearful

A

무섭다, 두렵다
→ to fear, be afraid of 무서워하다, 두려워하다

害怕的 hàipà de

49
Q

home; family

A

집; 가 家 → 가족
댁

家 jiā → 家人 jiārén

50
Q

idea; meaning

A

생각; 의미

意 yì

51
Q

other, different

A

다른, 달라요
wrong 틀리다, 틀린

别 bié
also with 是 → иначе [hypothetical unfavorable scenario]

52
Q

speech

A

담화 談話, 화법 [ㅃ-] 話法

话 huà

53
Q

particular, specific

A

특정
↔ 불특정 unspecified

54
Q

small

A

작다

小 xiǎo → 소

55
Q

behind; after

A

noun + 뒤에; verb + ~기 후에

后 hòu

56
Q

to feel

A

느끼다 feeling 느낌

觉 jué

57
Q

too (much), excessive

A

너무

太 tài → 큰 태

58
Q

should

A

~아/어/해야 하다

该 gāi

59
Q

Mom

A

어머니

(when calling) 妈 mā (mother) 妈妈 māma

60
Q

to use

A

쓰다, 사용하다 (使用)

用 yòng

61
Q

to hit

A
  1. 때리다; 치다
  2. clash, collide …과 부딪치다 / …을 들이받다

打 dǎ

62
Q

-ly [adverb]

A

~게, ~히 (~리)

word + 地 de, di

63
Q

and what about … ?

A

~는요?

呢 ne [na]

64
Q

female

A

여~, ~녀

女 nǚ

65
Q

to tell

A

말을 주다, 알리다, 알려 주다

告 gào

66
Q

most; -est

A

제일
noun + 중에서 제일 + verb
best 가장

最 zuì

67
Q

hand

A

손 wash hands 손을 씻다
arm 팔

手 shǒu – also means “master; practitioner”
高手 gāoshǒu master
歌手 gēshǒu singer → 가수

68
Q

arm

A

팔 comp. foot 발

胳膊 gēbo

69
Q

foot

A

발 (also leg of furniture, step)

足 zú (also animal leg, football) → 발 족

70
Q

middle, center

A

中 zhōng

중

71
Q

oh

A

哦 ó

72
Q

emotion

A

감정, 정서

情 qíng

73
Q

to do

A

하다

作 zuò

74
Q

with, following

A

(다른 사람의) 뒤를 따라가다/오다
(시간으로, order 순서상으로) 뒤를 잇다
(result 결과가) 뒤따르다
verb/noun + 뒤에 ~을 하다

~와/과 같이

跟 gēn

75
Q

side, aspect

A

쪽, 측, 편
to the side, not up or down 옆, 측면

面 miàn

75
Q

to tell; to complain

A

report 신고하다
complain, resort to 호소하다
lament 슬픈 소리를 내다

诉 sù 호소(呼訴)하다

76
Q

to love; to like

A

사랑하다, 애정하다
to like 좋아하다

爱 ài
to like 喜欢 xǐhuān

77
Q

already ↔ yet

A

이미, 벌써 ↔ 아직

已 yǐ ↔ 还 hái

78
Q

question; to ask

A

질문 (質問)
질문히다, 묻다

问 wèn

79
Q

mistake; bad

A

실수, misunderstanding 오해
make a wrong decision 잘못 판단하다
나쁜

错 cuò

80
Q

child

A

아이

孩 hái

81
Q

to become

A

~이/가 뒤다

成 chéng

82
Q

it

A

Kor. 이것 / 그것

它 tā, (object only) 之 zhī

83
Q

to feel, emotion

A

감정 感情, 느끼다

感 gǎn

84
Q
A

汉语 ⁕ 한국어 (7 decks)

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