Basics Flashcards
what are xray images typically used to evauluate
broken bones swallowed objects lungs blood vessels breasts
what are CT used to evaluate
size and presence of tumors organs vascular conditions pulmoary embolism bone injuries cardiac tissue
what is xray
exposing a part of the body to a small dose of ionizing radiation to produce pictures of the inside of the body.
what are CT scan
multi angle images created into a 3d images of anatomical structure
what does ultrasound use
high frequency sound waves and their echos
clinical uses of ultrasound
pregnancy
abnormalities in the heart and blood vessels
organs in the pelvis and abdomen
symptons of pain swelling and infection
what is MRI
applying high magnetic fields to the tissues to create images by causing hydrogen nuclei to change spinning directions
clinical uses of MRI
blood vessels abnormal tissue breasts bones and joints spinal injuries
what is nucelar medicine
the use of radiopharmacetical to show internal structures and mechanisms
clinical uses of nuclear medicine
PET is often used to evaluate neurological disease cancer effectivness of treatments heart conditions
atomic number
the number of protons in the nucleus
atomic mass
the total number of nucleons in the nucleus
isotope
any nucleus which contains same number of protons as the given nucleus but has a different mass number
attenuation
the reduction of intenisty of an electromagnetic beam as it tranverses matter.
it can be due to photoelectric absorption, compton scattering and pair production
ionising
have sufficient energy to remove electrons from atoms
produce highly reactive positively or hagactively charged ions
these ions can cause damage to the DNA and proteins
