basics

Question 1

what’s an anion

Answer 1

a negatively charged ion

Question 2

what’s a cation?

Answer 2

positively charged ion

Question 3

which bond can only conduct electricity when molten or solution?

Answer 3

ionic

Question 4

why do giant lattices have such high melting/boiling points?

Answer 4

because they have strong intermolecular forces between molecules

Question 5

when can ionic substances conduct electricity

Answer 5

when they are liquid

Question 6

why can’t giant latices conduct electricity

Answer 6

because there are no free electrons

Question 7

what charge does group 1 elements/ions have

Answer 7

+

Question 8

what charge do group 2 ions have

Answer 8

2+

Question 9

what charge do group 3 ions have

Answer 9

3+

Question 10

what charge do group 5 ions have

Answer 10

3-

Question 11

what charge do group 6 ions have

Answer 11

2-

Question 12

what charge do group 7 ions have

Answer 12

-

Question 13

what charge do protons have

Answer 13

positive

Question 14

what charge do neutrons have

Answer 14

neutral

Question 15

what charge do electrons have

Answer 15

-

Question 16

the number of protons of an atom is always the same as the number of…

Answer 16

electrons

Question 17

if an atom gains an electron, it has a ….. charge?

Answer 17

negative

Question 18

if an atom loses an electron, it has a ….. charge?

Answer 18

positive

Question 19

what is an ion?

Answer 19

an atom that’s lost of gained electrons, giving it an overall charge

Question 20

what bond is a non metal + metal

Answer 20

ionic

Question 21

what bond is non metal + non metal

Answer 21

covalent

Question 22

what force holds together ionic compounds?

Answer 22

electrostatic

Question 23

what is the electrons per shell rule?

Answer 23

2,8,8

Question 24

what bond are simple molecules?

Answer 24

covalent

Question 25

what state are simple molecules at room temp?

Answer 25

gas or liquid (usually)

Question 26

giant ionic structures contain ….. ions?

Answer 26

charged (-/+)

Question 27

allotropes of carbon?

Answer 27

graphite, diamond, charcoal.

Question 28

what structures does diamond have?

Answer 28

giant covalent lattice

Question 29

moles triangle

Answer 29

m= n (number of moles) x Mr (Relative mass)

Question 30

number of molecules triangle?

Answer 30

N (no. of molecules) = n (moles) x Nav (avagadro’s number

Question 31

what is avagardo’s number?

Answer 31

6.022 x 10^23

Question 32

how do you work out the empirical formula

Answer 32

M R D Ds F (mass, relative mass, divide, divide by smallest, formula)

Question 33

what is meant by the empirical formula of a compound?

Answer 33

the compound in its simplest form. eg C6H12O6 would be C3H4O3

Question 34

to separate sand and water, what experiment would you use?

Answer 34

filtration

Question 35

what experiment do you use to separate salt from salt water?

Answer 35

distillation

Question 36

what experiment do you use to separate a mixture?

Answer 36

chromatography

Question 37

how do you separate elements with different boiling points?

Answer 37

fractional distillation

Question 38

what is a mole

Answer 38

the relative atomic mass in grams, and avagadro’s number