Basics Flashcards
The mass of protons, neutrons and electrons?
Protons = 1 Neutrons = 1 Electrons = 0
The charge of protons, neutrons and electrons?
Protons = +1 Neutrons = 0 Electrons = -1
Mass number - top or bottom?
Top
What is the mass number?
The number of protons added to the number of neutrons.
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons (and electrons).
So to work out the amount of neutrons?
Mass number - Atomic number
Why is an atom neutral?
The number of positive protons is equal to the number of negative electrons. The charges cancel each other out.
Define an isotope
An isotope is an atom of the same element but it has a different number of neutrons so it has a different mass number.
Atoms in the same group…
have the same number of electrons in the outer shell, so they have similar chemical properties.
What is an ion?
An ion is an atom that has gained/lost electrons to become negatively or positively charged.
Metals lose electrons to become…
Positively charged
Non-metals gain electrons to become…
Negatively charged
