Basics

Question 1

Anion gap

Answer 1

Measured and calculation of Cations and anions, such as sodium, chloride, bicarbonate
indicate the acid base balance
Anions are weak bases

Question 2

Buffer systems

Answer 2

Resist ph change,has 3 3 types such as plasma, respiratory, renal buffer

Question 3

Plasma buffer📦🍌🫧

Answer 3

Reacts within seconds includes bicarbonate and protein buffer,H plus / k plus cation exchange
Reasons of use: meant to use or increase free floating hydrogen ions in the blood

Question 4

Bicarbonate buffer

Answer 4

Primary extracellular buffer, uses co2 available②or replacing bicarbonate lost due to added base or eliminated with addition of acid

Question 5

Respiratory buffer system

Answer 5

Regulates co 2and h_co2, when ph is acidic, this increases respiratory rate And increases excretion of carbon dioxide and lower H2CO3
If ph is alkalosis it decreases respiratory rate,promotes carbon dioxide retention and increasing H2CO3

Question 6

Renal buffer

Answer 6

Ph include hydrogen ion elimination/ bicarbonate conversation,tubular buffer systems,k/h exchange, cl / bicarb exchange

Question 7

Arterial blood gas

Answer 7

Purpose: meant to determine acid-base balance measurements: anion gap, carbon and bicarbonate levels

Question 8

Metabolic disorders

Answer 8

Alteration - in bicarbonate add/loss

Question 9

Metabolic acidosis

Answer 9

Reduction of bicarb, decreasing ph
Decreased secretions of acids like a renal failure
Increased nonvolatile aids such as fasting, keto acidosis, lactic acidosis
Increased loss of bicarb ill difurnea, gastrointestinal suction
Increased chlorine reabsorbition

Question 10

Metabolic alkalosis

Answer 10

Increased levels of bicarb