Basics

Question 1

Middle class has…

Answer 1

Increased

Question 2

What happens to consumption when the middle class increases?

Answer 2

Consumption increases and products such as cars, and technology increases to a great extent

Question 3

What is the reason that consumption increases?

Answer 3

Middle class has a more disposable income than LICs, meaning that they have money to put on consumer products such as cars.

Question 4

What is the ecological footprint?

Answer 4

The hypothetical area of land required by a society, a group, or an individual to fulfil all their resource needs and assimilation all their waste.

Question 5

What is carbon footprint?

Answer 5

GHG emissions by person, country and individual expressed as CO2 equivalent

Question 6

What is biocapicity?

Answer 6

Capacity of a given area to generate an ongoing supply of renewable resources and to assimilate its waste

Question 7

What can be ecological footprint be used for?

Answer 7

• direct comparison between countries/areas, such as comparing LICs and HICs
• they can highlight sustainable and unsustainable lifestyles

Question 8

Trends and patterns with ecological footprints for LICs and HICs

Answer 8

LICs tend to have smaller ecological footprints because of their smaller rates of resource consumption
HICs have more of a disposable income= more consumption and more demand for energy resources
HICs produce more waste and pollution

Question 9

How can ecological footprint be reduced?

Answer 9

• reducing the use of fossil fuels (switching to renewable energy)
• reducing consumption of animal products (animals convert 10% of what they eat into biomass)
• reducing the amount of energy used by technology or just reducing the use of it
• recycling, reusing and recycling resources
• reducing the amount of goods imported (transport generate CO2)
• using GIM crops to increase the yield in the same area of land

Question 10

What is water distribution? (Describe in one word)

Answer 10

Uneven

Question 11

What will happen to waters demand?

Answer 11

Increase

Question 12

Why will the demand doe water increase?

Answer 12

• growing population
• growth of middle class ( which can afford more goods, changing dietary habits into higher meat consumption, growth or tourism and recreation (e.g. golf courses)
• increasing demand for water for hydroelectric plants

Question 13

Water availability in many regions is likely to…

Answer 13

Decrease

Question 14

Example of places that are water scarce

Answer 14

Sub-sharan Africa

Question 15

Embedded water

Answer 15

Water involved in the growing and manufacturing of products (such as food, materials, manufactured goods) in one place transferred to other , often water scarce places via trading.

Question 16

What does embedded water allow?

Answer 16

Allows countries with scarce water resources to benefit from water intensive goods (since water itself is difficult to transport) and allows counties to save their own water resources while benefiting from others.

Question 17

Blue water

Answer 17

From irrigation (artificial application of water) Fresh water, etc. from the earths surface and underground resources

Question 18

Green water

Answer 18

From precipitation (rain, snow, sleet)

Question 19

Grey water

Answer 19

From pollution (washing machines, shower, draining from households)

Question 20

Problems occur when ( with embedded water)

Answer 20

Water intensive products are often produced in already dry regions with the use of irrigation like the strawberries in Spain and cotton in Central Asia

Question 21

Physical water scarcity

Answer 21

Occurs when the natural water resources in an area cannot meet the needs of the people living there

Question 22

Example of physical water scarcity

Answer 22

Occurs in for example northwest china, Central Asia, and parts of Australia, south west United States and Northern Africa)

Question 23

What is economic water scarcity?

Answer 23

Arises when poor management of the water resources in an area such as under-investment in water storage and distribution systems, causes the demand for water to exceed the amount available)

Question 24

Water trap

Answer 24

A situation in which one does not have a stable water supply by pipelines, so they have to walk to collect water for basic household activities. (Taking away time from school and work)

Question 25

What has happened to food intake

Answer 25

Steadily increased as the worlds population has increased

Question 26

Where has calorie intake remained?

Answer 26

Sub-Saharan Africa

Question 27

What has happened to land/availability per person?

Answer 27

Declined

Question 28

Why has land availability per person decreased?

Answer 28

Combination of rapid population growth, land use changes and land grabs by foreign companies.