Basic Timeline 1918-1964 Flashcards
When did the First World War end?
November 1918
When were women first allowed to vote?
1918
What was the minimum age for women to vote in 1918?
30
What was the school leaving age raised to in 1918?
14
When was the Coupon Election?
1918
Who won the Coupon Election?
Lloyd George’s Coalition
Who won the most Southern Irish seats in the Coupon Election?
Sinn Fein
When was the Maternity and Child Welfare Act introduced?
1918
What did the Maternity and Child Welfare Act do?
- Emphasised the importance of maternity and child welfare
- Municipalities were required to provide day nurseries and crèches to support working women
When were the Red Clydeside demonstrations?
1919
What were the Red Clydeside demonstrations?
A riot in 1919 in George Square, Glasgow evolved from a demonstration for a 40-hour working week
What were the consequences of the Red Clydeside demonstrations?
More socialist support for Labour and success in the 1923 election
What was the Conservative involvement in the Red Clydeside demonstrations?
Winston Churchill deployed troops to Glasgow after being given power
When was the Government of India Act passed?
1919
What did the Government of India Act do?
Devolved powers to local government
When did the Irish War of Independence begin?
1919
What caused the Irish War of Independence?
After the December 1918 election where Sinn Fein won a landslide victory, they formed a breakaway government the next month. Later that day two Royal Irish Constabulary were shot by the IRA and the war began.
Who were the Black and Tans?
A group of RIC reservists backed by the British government to fight the IRA
Whose idea was the Black and Tans?
Winston Churchill
How many people died in the Irish War of Independence?
2014
When did the Irish War of Independence end?
11 July 1921
What followed the Irish War of Independence?
The Irish Civil War
What years was Winston Churchill a Liberal?
1904-1924
What years was Winston Churchill a Conservative?
1924-1964
Who was leader during the Irish War of Independence?
David Lloyd George
What year was the Addison Housing Act?
1919
What did the Addison Housing Act do?
Provided subsidies to local authorities to help finance the construction of 500,000 houses within three years
What ended the Irish War of Independence?
The Anglo-Irish Treaty
When was the Anglo-Irish Treaty signed?
1921
What year was National Insurance expanded?
1921
How people was National Insurance expanded to in 1921?
12 Million
What year was the Anglo-American Naval Treaty signed?
1922
Which party won the 1922 election?
Conservatives
Who led the Conservatives in 1922?
Bonar Law
How many seats did the Conservatives win in 1922?
345 Seats
What was Bonar Law’s Majority in 1922?
75
Why was the 1922 election significant for Labour?
They became the official opposition party?
How many seats did Labour win in 1922?
142 Seats
When was the BBC founded?
1922
Who won the 1924 election?
The Pro-Tariff Conservatives
What divided the Conservative party preceding the 1924 election?
Tariff Reform
Which party came into power in 1924?
Labour
Why was Labour’s ascension to power significant?
It was the first Labour government to be formed
Which leader led the first Labour government?
Ramsay MacDonald
Name the order of Inter-War PMs
Andrew Bonar Law Stanley Baldwin Ramsay MacDonald Stanley Baldwin Ramsay MacDonald Stanley Baldwin Neville Chamberlain
Name the two wartime PMs
Neville Chamberlain
Winston Churchill
Name the order of the Post-War PMs
Clement Attlee Winston Churchill Anthony Eden Harold Macmillan Alexander Douglas-Home Harold Wilson
What were the years of MacDonald’s two governments?
1924
1929-1935
What were the years of Baldwin’s three governments?
1923-1924
1924-1929
1935-1937
When was the BBC founded?
1922
Who became Conservative leader in 1923?
Stanley Baldwin
Who succeeded Bonar Law in 1923?
Stanley Baldwin
Why was an election called in 1924?
Baldwin wanted a referendum on tariff reform
What was an effect of the election?
The Conservatives lost seats and a working majority, which led to Baldwin giving the chance for Labour to form a government
Why would Baldwin allow Labour to form a government?
Because the Conservatives still had a majority and could vote down legislation they didn’t like while not facing criticism for policies
When was the first Labour government formed?
1924
Who was the first Labour PM?
Ramsay MacDonald
What housing act was passed in 1924?
Wheatley Housing Act
What did the Wheatley Housing Act do?
It increased government subsidies to Local Authorities to provide homes for low paid workers
How many homes were built under the Wheatley Housing Act?
508,000 houses
Which party introduced the Wheatley Housing Act?
Labour
When was the Dawes Plan introduced?
1924
Why was the Dawes Plan important to Britain?
It enabled Germany to pay back the money that they owed to Britain, therefore allowing Britain to pay back their war debt
What was the problem with the Dawes Plan?
It created a German dependence on foreign loans and when the effects of the Great Depression came into play it failed
What year was the Campbell Case?
1924
What was the Campbell Case?
Where a Communist editor, J.R. Campbell was prosecuted for ‘inciting mutiny’ in Britain. His prosecution was stopped by MacDonald after pressure from backbenchers.
What was the impact of the Campbell Case?
It allowed the Liberals and Conservatives to brand Labour as a party under the control of left-wing radical groups and they united to win a vote of no confidence against the government
Why was the 1924 Labour government vulnerable?
Because it was a minority government and the Liberals and Conservatives could combine against it
What triggered the October vote of no confidence against the 1924 Labour government?
The Campbell Case
When did the Zinoviev Letter become important?
1924
What was the Zinoviev Letter?
A purported letter from a Russian Communist official to a member of the Executive committee published in the Daily Mail four days before the 1924 election
What was the impact of the Zinoviev Letter?
Labour lost the 1924 election due to Communist agitation in Britain
When did Baldwin become PM?
1924
When did Churchill put the pound back on the Gold Standard?
1925
What is the Gold Standard?
Where currency (e.g. the pound) is fixed to a certain amount of gold
In 1925, how much of Britain’s output came from core industries?
Nearly half
In 1925, how many adults were employed in core industries?
1 in 4 of all adults
What was Britain’s share of world export trade in 1914?
18%
What was Britain’s share of world export trade in 1925?
11%
What was the impact of Britain’s drop in their share of the world export trade?
Left Britain struggling to pay for imports
When was the Central Electricity Board founded?
1926
What did the Central Electricity Board do?
Standardised the national electricity board through a national grid
When was the Samuel Report?
1926
When was the General Strike?
1926
Who wrote Winnie the Pooh?
A. A. Milne
When was Winnie the Pooh written?
1926
When was the Trade Disputes Act implemented?
1927
