BASIC TERMINOLOGIES And WEIGHT N BALANCE Flashcards
An imaginary point where aircrafts weight is concentrated.
Center of Gravity (CG)
An imaginary vertical plane from which all horizontal distances are
measured.
Reference Datum
It includes the weight of the standard airplane, optional equipment,
unusable fuel, including all operational fluids including full engine oil.
Basic empty weight
It is the small amount of fuel in the tanks that cannot be used inflight and
fuel drained on the ground.
Unusable fuel
The weight of an aircraft before takeoff.
Ramp weight
The ramp weight less the fuel burned during engine start, run up and taxi.
Takeoff weight
The takeoff weight less the fuel burned en-route.
Landing weight
The weight of usable fuel, flight crew, passengers and baggage.
Useful load
The weight of passengers, baggage and cargo.
Payload
The maximum weight allowed for ground operation.
Maximum ramp weight
The maximum weight before takeoff.
Maximum takeoff weight
The maximum weight before landing.
Maximum landing weight
The fuel available in flight.
Usable fuel
The Distance from reference datum.
Arm
The measurement of the tendency of the weight to cause rotation of fulcrum.
Length multiplied by weight.
Moment
It is the force generated by the gravitational pull
of the earth on the total load of the aircraft.
Weight
Disadvantages of an overweight aircraft
■ Longer Takeoff and Landing Roll
■ Higher Takeoff Speed
■ Poor Climb Performance
■ Lower Cruising Level
■ Reduced Cruising Speed
■ Less Maneuverability
■ Reduced Range and Endurance
■ Higher Stalling Speed
One (1) Gallon of AVGAS: __ lbs
6 lbs
One (1) Gallon of oil: __ lbs
7.5 lbs
A point at which the entire weight of the aircraft is
assumed to be concentrated, and where the
counterclockwise turning moments are balanced
by the clockwise turning moments.
CENTER OF GRAVITY (CG)
A point at which an airplane would balance if
suspended.
CENTER OF GRAVITY (CG)
Effects of CG Too far forward
■ Lack of elevator authority (specially during flare)
■ Higher angle of attack
■ Drag will increase
Effects of CG to far after
■ Unstable airplane
■ Very difficult to recover from a stall
Distance from the datum
Arm
Is the measurement of the tendency of the weight
to cause rotation of the fulcrum.
MOMENT
