BASIC TERMINOLOGIES And WEIGHT N BALANCE

Question 1

An imaginary point where aircrafts weight is concentrated.

Answer 1

Center of Gravity (CG)

Question 2

An imaginary vertical plane from which all horizontal distances are
measured.

Answer 2

Reference Datum

Question 3

It includes the weight of the standard airplane, optional equipment,
unusable fuel, including all operational fluids including full engine oil.

Answer 3

Basic empty weight

Question 4

It is the small amount of fuel in the tanks that cannot be used inflight and
fuel drained on the ground.

Answer 4

Unusable fuel

Question 5

The weight of an aircraft before takeoff.

Answer 5

Ramp weight

Question 6

The ramp weight less the fuel burned during engine start, run up and taxi.

Answer 6

Takeoff weight

Question 7

The takeoff weight less the fuel burned en-route.

Answer 7

Landing weight

Question 8

The weight of usable fuel, flight crew, passengers and baggage.

Answer 8

Useful load

Question 9

The weight of passengers, baggage and cargo.

Answer 9

Payload

Question 10

The maximum weight allowed for ground operation.

Answer 10

Maximum ramp weight

Question 11

The maximum weight before takeoff.

Answer 11

Maximum takeoff weight

Question 12

The maximum weight before landing.

Answer 12

Maximum landing weight

Question 13

The fuel available in flight.

Answer 13

Usable fuel

Question 14

The Distance from reference datum.

Answer 14

Arm

Question 15

The measurement of the tendency of the weight to cause rotation of fulcrum.
Length multiplied by weight.

Answer 15

Moment

Question 16

It is the force generated by the gravitational pull
of the earth on the total load of the aircraft.

Answer 16

Weight

Question 17

Disadvantages of an overweight aircraft

Answer 17

■ Longer Takeoff and Landing Roll
■ Higher Takeoff Speed
■ Poor Climb Performance
■ Lower Cruising Level
■ Reduced Cruising Speed
■ Less Maneuverability
■ Reduced Range and Endurance
■ Higher Stalling Speed

Question 18

One (1) Gallon of AVGAS: __ lbs

Answer 18

6 lbs

Question 19

One (1) Gallon of oil: __ lbs

Answer 19

7.5 lbs

Question 20

A point at which the entire weight of the aircraft is
assumed to be concentrated, and where the
counterclockwise turning moments are balanced
by the clockwise turning moments.

Answer 20

CENTER OF GRAVITY (CG)

Question 21

A point at which an airplane would balance if
suspended.

Answer 21

CENTER OF GRAVITY (CG)

Question 22

Effects of CG Too far forward

Answer 22

■ Lack of elevator authority (specially during flare)
■ Higher angle of attack
■ Drag will increase

Question 23

Effects of CG to far after

Answer 23

■ Unstable airplane
■ Very difficult to recover from a stall

Question 24

Distance from the datum

Answer 24

Arm

Question 25

Is the measurement of the tendency of the weight
to cause rotation of the fulcrum.

Answer 25

MOMENT