Basic Science Overview

Question 1

What is Science?

Answer 1

Science is the process of learning about the natural world through observation and experimentation.

Question 2

What is a controlled experiment?

Answer 2

A scientific test where the people conducting it only change one variable at a time in order to isolate the results.

Question 3

What is Astrology?

Answer 3

The study of movements & positions of stars. This is not a science.

Question 4

What is Astronomy?

Answer 4

The study of space.

Question 5

What is Chemistry?

Answer 5

The study of matter, its properties & how it can react and change.

Question 6

What is a scientific claim?

Answer 6

An answer to a scientific question.

Question 7

Why is whipping egg whites a physical change?

Answer 7

Whipping egg whites simply adds air into the egg making them foamy. They are still egg whites ( not a new substance ) so this is a physical change.

Question 8

What is a mixture?

Answer 8

A mixture contains two or more substances that are not chemically combined.

Question 9

How might the position of a baby alligators eyes affect its chance of survival?

Answer 9

If one alligators eyes are positioned so that it can see more than another, it may be more likely to survive beau use it can better detect predators.

Question 10

What is a force?

Answer 10

A push or a pool that can cause the motion of an object to change. It has two important properties strength and direction.

Question 11

What is a balanced force?

Answer 11

When two equal forces act in opposite directions the result is that the forces are balanced and there is no motion.

Question 12

What two things do or forces have?

Answer 12

Strength and direction

Question 13

What is a catalyst?

Answer 13

A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction.

Question 14

What is an oxidiser?

Answer 14

A chemical that provides a lot of oxygen to help things burn.

Question 15

If two substances are mixed and a new substance is formed, what type of changes it?

Answer 15

Chemical Change

Question 16

What are the four main ways weathering can
happen?

Answer 16

Water, wind, freezing and gravity

Question 17

How do bacteria make more of themselves?

Answer 17

By copying the DNA and splitting it in half.

Question 18

What does a virus inject into a cell?

Answer 18

It injects its DNA (or RNA) into the hosts cells.

Question 19

What is a vaccine?

Answer 19

A medicine that helps prepare the immune system to fight infection.

Question 20

Name two ways Bacteria are helpful instead of harmful.

Answer 20

Bacteria can be used to make food like yoghurt or produce fuel for cars. Good bacteria live on your skin to prevent you from getting sick and in your stomach to help digest food.

Question 21

Groups of cells working together are called

Answer 21

Tissues

Question 22

Groups of organs work together to form

Answer 22

Systems

Question 23

What is the lowest level of organisation in a multicellular organism?

Answer 23

Cells

Question 24

Explain how our body systems work together to get oxygen into and around our body.

Answer 24

The respiratory system brings oxygen into the body and the circulatory system moves oxygen throughout the body.

Question 25

What is a fossil?

Answer 25

Remains or traces of Prehistoric life

Question 26

What does a Solar Cell do?

Answer 26

It converts light energy to electrical energy

Question 27

True or false: Sound can transfer energy from place to place?

Answer 27

True

Question 28

True or false: Heat can transfer energy from place to place?

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What is a food web?

Answer 29

A food web is a model of intersecting food chains

Question 30

What does a decomposer do?

Answer 30

Decomposers break down dead organisms.

Question 31

What is a food chain?

Answer 31

A sequence of living things in which each on feeds on the one below it.

Question 32

What is the process by which plants make their own food using sunlight?

Answer 32

Photosynthesis

Question 33

True or False: The scientific method is a linear process.

Answer 33

False

Question 34

Fill in the blank: The ____ is the basic unit of life.

Answer 34

cell

Question 35

What is the force that pulls objects toward the Earth?

Answer 35

Gravity

Question 36

What tool is used to measure temperature?

Answer 36

Thermometer

Question 37

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a state of matter? A) Solid B) Liquid C) Energy D) Gas

Answer 37

C) Energy

Question 38

What is the term for a change in an organism's DNA?

Answer 38

Mutation

Question 39

True or False: Water is a compound made of hydrogen and oxygen.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

What is the name of the scientist who proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection?

Answer 40

Charles Darwin

Question 41

Fill in the blank: The ____ system is responsible for transporting blood throughout the body.

Answer 41

circulatory

Question 42

What is the main gas that plants take in during photosynthesis?

Answer 42

Carbon dioxide

Question 43

Multiple Choice: Which part of the cell controls what enters and exits? A) Nucleus B) Cell membrane C) Cytoplasm D) Ribosome

Answer 43

B) Cell membrane

Question 44

What is the term for the variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat?

Answer 44

Biodiversity

Question 45

True or False: An atom is the smallest unit of matter.

Answer 45

True

Question 46

What is the name of the process where liquid water turns into water vapor?

Answer 46

Evaporation

Question 47

Fill in the blank: The ____ is the part of the experiment that is changed.

Answer 47

independent variable

Question 48

What is the term for a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction?

Answer 48

Catalyst

Question 49

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a renewable resource? A) Coal B) Oil C) Solar energy D) Natural gas

Answer 49

C) Solar energy

Question 50

What is the main purpose of the scientific method?

Answer 50

To investigate and answer questions through experimentation.

Question 51

True or False: A hypothesis is a proven fact.

Answer 51

False

Question 52

Fill in the blank: In an experiment, the ____ variable is what you measure.

Answer 52

dependent

Question 53

What is the unit of force in the International System of Units (SI)?

Answer 53

Newton

Question 54

What is the term for the amount of space an object occupies?

Answer 54

Volume

Question 55

Multiple Choice: What type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms? A) Ionic B) Covalent C) Metallic D) Hydrogen

Answer 55

B) Covalent

Question 56

What is the primary component of Earth's atmosphere?

Answer 56

Nitrogen

Question 57

True or False: An ecosystem includes both living and non-living components.

Answer 57

True

Question 58

Fill in the blank: The ____ is the part of the planet where life exists.

Answer 58

biosphere

Question 59

What is the term for the measure of how much matter is in an object?

Answer 59

Mass

Question 60

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of living things? A) Reproduction B) Inability to grow C) Lack of response to stimuli D) None of the above

Answer 60

A) Reproduction

Question 61

What is the name of the scientist who developed the periodic table?

Answer 61

Dmitri Mendeleev

Question 62

True or False: The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a solution is.

Answer 62

True

Question 63

Fill in the blank: The ____ is the part of the experiment that does not receive treatment.

Answer 63

control group

Question 64

What is the process by which water vapor cools and changes back into liquid water?

Answer 64

Condensation

Question 65

What is the term for an organism's role in its environment?

Answer 65

Niche

Question 66

Multiple Choice: Which organ in the human body is primarily responsible for pumping blood? A) Brain B) Liver C) Heart D) Lungs

Answer 66

C) Heart

Question 67

What is the term for the study of living organisms?

Answer 67

Biology

Question 68

True or False: The Earth's crust is the innermost layer of the Earth.

Answer 68

False

Question 69

Fill in the blank: The ____ is the layer of gases surrounding the Earth.

Answer 69

atmosphere

Question 70

What is the term for the energy stored in an object due to its position?

Answer 70

Potential energy

Question 71

Multiple Choice: What is the process of breaking down food into energy called? A) Photosynthesis B) Respiration C) Fermentation D) Digestion

Answer 71

B) Respiration

Question 72

What is the term for the distance between two peaks or troughs of a wave?

Answer 72

Wavelength

Question 73

True or False: A solution is a homogeneous mixture.

Answer 73

True

Question 74

Fill in the blank: The smallest particle of an element is called an ____.

Answer 74

atom

Question 75

What is the term for the movement of tectonic plates?

Answer 75

Plate tectonics

Question 76

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system? A) Protects organs B) Produces hormones C) Supports the body D) Enables movement

Answer 76

B) Produces hormones

Question 77

What is the term for the layer of Earth beneath the crust?

Answer 77

Mantle

Question 78

True or False: Energy can be created or destroyed.

Answer 78

False

Question 79

Fill in the blank: The ____ is the central part of an atom.

Answer 79

nucleus

Question 80

What is the term for the study of weather patterns?

Answer 80

Meteorology

Question 81

Multiple Choice: Which type of rock is formed from the cooling of magma? A) Sedimentary B) Metamorphic C) Igneous D) None of the above

Answer 81

C) Igneous

Question 82

What is the term for the force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact?

Answer 82

Friction

Question 83

True or False: Chlorophyll is the pigment responsible for the green color in plants.

Answer 83

True

Question 84

Fill in the blank: The ____ is the outermost layer of the Earth.

Answer 84

crust

Question 85

What is the term for the change of state from solid to liquid?

Answer 85

Melting

Question 86

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a function of the respiratory system? A) Transporting nutrients B) Exchanging gases C) Producing hormones D) None of the above

Answer 86

B) Exchanging gases

Question 87

What is the term for a reaction that absorbs energy?

Answer 87

Endothermic reaction

Question 88

Fill in the blank: The ____ is the part of the brain responsible for voluntary movement.

Answer 88

cerebellum