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Dermatology > Basic Science > Flashcards

Basic Science Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Plectin

Location?
Function?
Diseases?

A
  • located in the hemidesmosome
  • links intermediate filaments to the plasma membrane, cross links hemidesmosomal proteins
  • Diseases: EBS with muscular dystrophy, EBS with pyloric atresia, EBS Ogna varient (generalized contusiform bruising)
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2
Q

BPAG1 (BP230)

Location?
Function?

A
  • intracellular protein in the hemidesmosomal plaque, plakin family
  • binds intermediate filaments to the plaque
  • plays a role in neurological disease
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3
Q

BPAG2 (BP180)

Location?
Function?
Diseases?

A
  • transmembrane protein, collagen family
  • Associated with BPAG1. integrin, plectin
  • Diseases: BP, PG, LABD, CP (carboxy terminus), junctional EB non-Herlitz type
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4
Q

Integrins

Location?
Function?
Diseases?

A
  • transmembrane protein, promotes cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions
  • alpha6beta4 is in the hemidesmosomal plaque and binds intermediate filaments (intracellularly), laminin 332 and the hemidesmosomal proteins like plectin and BPAG2
  • Diseases: occular CP (alpha6), JEB with pyloric atresia (beta4)
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5
Q

Type 7 Collagen

Location?
Function?
Diseases?

A
  • binds the lamaina densa and either the lamina densa (to itself) or anchoring plaques
  • Diseases: dystrophic EB (autosomal and dominent),bulous SLE, EBA
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6
Q

Laminin 332

Location?
Function?
Diseases?

A
  • located in the lamina densa
  • attaches keritinocytes to the BM
  • Diseases: anti-epilegrin CP, junctional EB, Herlitz type
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7
Q

Cadherins

Location?
Function?

A
  • calcium dependent cell to cell adherence molecules
  • maintain tissue integrity
  • includes desmogleins and desomocollins
  • adhere to alpha catenin, beta catenin and plakoglobin
  • classic cadherins form adherens junctions
  • desmogleins/desmocollins form desmosomes
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8
Q

What cellular mediator is protective against urticaria

A

PGE2 inhibits mast cell degranulation

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9
Q

What amino acids are unique to elastic fibers?

A

Desmosine, isodesmosine

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10
Q

Type of secretion found in eccrine glands?
Apocrine glands?
Sebaceous glands?

A

Eccrine - merocrine
Apocrine - decapitation secretion
Sebaceous glands - holocrine

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11
Q

Which TLR recognizes lipopolysaccharide on gram-negative bacteria?

A

TLR4

TLR2 recognizes peptidoglycan on gram positive bacteria; associated with inflammatory acne

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12
Q

Which TLR recognizes viral DNA?

A

TLR3

TLR7 recognizes viral ssRNA; Imiquimod is a synthetic TLF7 analog

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13
Q

Which surface molecules do NK cells express? Which cytokines stimulate NK cells?

A

CD2, CD56, CD16

IL-2, IL-12, IL-15

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14
Q

What do mast cells release immediately upon degranulation?

A 
Preformed mediators: 
Histamine
Heparin (proteoglycan)
Tryptase
Chymase
Carboxypeptidase-A
Cathepsin-G
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15
Q

Which metal ions are necessary for proper function of matrix metalloproteinases?

A

Zinc (at active site) and Calcium (for structural integrity)

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16
Q

Cartilage is made of which collagen?

A

Collagen II

17
Q

Which amino acids are found in elastic fibers?

A

Desmosine and isodesmosine

18
Q

What is the function of IL-1?

A

Pro inflammatory: triggers innate immune response, induces fever, increases acute phase reactants

19
Q

What is the function of IL-2?

A

Stimulates t-cells

Growth and activation of t, nk, and B cells

20
Q

Function of IL-3?

A

Growth of mast cells

Stimulates myeloid cells

21
Q

Function of IL-4 ?

A

Increases the TH2 response

Class switching to IgE

22
Q

Function of IL-5?

A

Stimulates eosinophils

Stimulates B cells and IgA production

23
Q

Function of IL-6?

A

Pro inflammatory
Stimulates B cells to differentiate to plasma cells
Increased neutrophil production

24
Q

Function of IL-8?

A

Neutrophil chemotaxis

25
Q

Function of IL-10

A

ANTI-inflammatory

Down regulates TH1

26
Q

Function of IL-12?

A

Increase TH1 response

Pro inflammatory, induces cell-mediated immunity

27
Q

Function of TNF alpha?

A

Pro inflammatory

28
Q

Function of IFN gamma?

A

Increase TH1 response, inhibits TH2

29
Q

Function of TGF BETA?

A

Anti inflammatory, induced apoptosis

Dermatology (11 decks)

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