Basic Science Flashcards
The cell is the basic ____ building block of life
metabolic
Most mammalian cells are ___um in size vs bacterial cells that are ___um
10-100um; 1um
T/F: larger organisms contain larger cells
FALSE: they contain more cells
how many modes of specialization do vertebrate cells have?
400
What is a cell?
complex membrane-bounded aqueous gel
How are eukaryotic cells distinguished?
well-developed membrane system that envelopes the nucleus and partitions many cellular compartments
What else does the body contain in substantial amount other than cells? (2)
- intercellular material (insoluble, fibrous)
- intercellular fluid
T/F: tissues are made up of only one type of cell
FALSE: most contain mixture
what are the 4 primary tissues?
- epithelium
- connective tissue
- muscle tissue
- nervous tissue
T/F: all 4 types of tissue are present in a single organ
yes (often)
What are organ systems?
multiple organs that collectively perform an associated function
the organized patterns of cells to form tissues relies on cell ____ and _____
adhesion; cohesion
what are the smaller subunits found in cells called?
organelles
- T/F: organelles are in the sub-micrometer range
- T/F: organelles can be visualize with light microscopes
- TRUE
- FALSE: only seen by electron microscope
Organelles are found within what part of the cell? What does it look like?
protoplasm; gel-like substance
what can the protoplasm be subdivided into?
karyoplasm and cytoplasm
place the term with the correct definition: (cytoplasm/karyoplasm)
- found between the cell membrane (plasma membrane) and nucleus
- nucleus that surrounds the DNA
- cytoplasm
- karyoplasm
what’s the difference between cytosol and organelles?
cytosol = fluid component of the cytoplasm
organelles = insoluble, structural and functional components found in it
phospholipid bilayer membranes contain the ____
protoplasm
T/F: all organelles are membrane-bound
FALSE
which organelles are membrane-bound? (9)
- cell/plasma membrane
- cell membrane lipids
- cell membrane proteins
- endoplasmic reticulum
- Golgi apparatus
- secretory granules
- lysosomes
- endosomes
- peroxisomes
Phospholipid bilayers are __ based on the amount of ___ they contain. More cholesterol makes them ___ fluid
fluid; cholesterol; less
Cell membranes are visible in the (light/electron) microscope
electron
how do leaflets and polarity relate to cell membranes?
lipid bilayers contain inner and outer leaflets and each have hydrophilic heads with hydrophobic tails