basic revision and concept

Question 1

identify the s block that has the highest first ionization energy

Answer 1

Be

Question 2

trend of ionisation

Answer 2

ionisation increases across the period and down the group

Question 3

trend of first ionisation across the period

Answer 3

There is a general increase in first Ionisation Energies of the elements across a period, with two exceptions. Aluminium and Sulphur are the exceptions in Period 3. Boron and Oxygen are the exceptions in Period 2.

Question 4

electron configuration for copper and chromium

Answer 4

it has removed as 4S1 and 3d5….

Question 5

trend of ionisation energy with exception in period 2 Be Configuration s2
B Configuration p1

Answer 5

The first e- removed from Be is from a 2s sub level.

• The first e- removed from B is from a 2p sub level.
• The 2s sub level is lower in energy than 2p.
• Therefore less energy is needed to remove the electron from B.

Question 6

trend of ionisation
N Configuration p3 O configuration p4

Answer 6

The first e- removed from N is from a 2p sub level and is unpaired.

• The first e- removed from O is also from a 2p sub level, but is from a paired orbital.
• This means O has a lower ionisation energy due to electron pair repulsion.
• Therefore less energy is needed to remove the electron from O.

Question 7

period 3
Mg Configuration s2 Al Configuration p1

Answer 7

The first e- removed from Mg is from a 3s sub level.

• The first e- removed from Al is from a 3p sub level.
• The 3s sub level is lower in energy than 3p.
• Therefore less energy is needed to remove the electron from Al.

Question 8

first ionisation trend
P Configuration p3 S Configuration p4

Answer 8

The first e- removed from P is from a 3p sub level and is unpaired.

• The first e- removed from S is also from a 3p sub level, but is from a paired orbital.
• This means Sulfur has a lower ionisation energy due to electron pair repulsion.
• Therefore less energy is needed to remove the electron from S