Basic Requirements of Specialty Piping Systems - Part B Flashcards
What variation of the NPT thread format was introduced to overcome the problem of spiral leakage?
Dry seal threads
How is the net positive suction head of the transfer pumps in a tank farm maximized?
Locate the pump near the tank
What process may be required to internally blast away any surface rust and flaking inside the piping in a hydraulic or lube oil system?
Hydroblasting
What is the purpose of berms and dikes immediately around the tanks?
To protect the surrounding area in case of a major rupture
What is the purpose for using double-wall containment systems?
To protect the environment from the fluids that might leak from the piping system
What is the effect of differences in temperature between the process system and the secondary containment system?
It creates different rates of expansion and contraction with the corresponding stresses and strains imposed at anchor points
Why is it less practicable to install a 3” welded ell inside a 4” casing elbow than it is to install a 4” welded ell inside a 6” casing elbow?
A 4” 90° LR welded ell in a 6” 90° SR ell sits centered, while there is no commercial welded ell configuration that allows this with a 3” 90° inside a 4” 90°
What may be done if it is not practicable to fit a manufactured elbow of the containment pipe system over the elbow of the primary pipe on a welded double pipe system?
Mitered elbows can be fabricated to encase the primary pipe on the center line by making sure a 3 piece mitered 90° the same centerline radius as the primary elbow
If the escape of a moderate amount of vapor does not constitute a hazard, how should the gravity drainage secondary system be vented?
To the atmosphere on the upstream end of the secondary system
What is done with a fully enclosed containment system to sense product leaks?
Install probe points in each segment
What is the purpose of the weldolets or the clamshell around the flanges on a container pipe?
For the installation of sensing probes, or the attachment of a vent or drain
What is used to connect the primary pipe inside a spill tank with the line to the engine or boiler fuel tanks?
A bulkhead fitting through the wall of the spill tank
Where are fully closed containment systems required?
Where the primary pipe is carrying highly volatile, reactant, or toxic fluids
What is involved in choosing the best material for a service?
Consideration of factors such as cost, availability, life expectancy, and practicable installation procedures
What is likely to occur if fluid becomes contaminated in lubricating and hydraulic systems?
Component malfunction, improper seating, wear in components, and an increase in response time of the servo valves
Why is it necessary to maintain complete separation of the oils by the use of separate facilities for each type of oil?
Due to the special purification requirements of each type of oil
What could be caused by too much water in a circulating lube oil system?
Loss of film oil strength, rusting, and other serious mechanical problems
What problems would be caused by excess water in a hydraulic system?
Vaporic pump cavitation, corrosion, and valve malfunction due to freezing
What occurs to liquids exposed to severe operating conditions?
They tend to undergo unfavorable changes
What occurs when oil undergoes chemical reactions due to exposure to accessibility and pressure?
Formation of sludge, gums, carbon, or other deposits that clog openings, cause valves and pistons to stick or leak, and give poor lubrication to moving parts
What would be the result of bacterial colonies forming in oils at lower temperatures?
Clogged control systems, degraded oil quality and oil performance, and production of corrosive byproducts
What is the most likely cause of a cloud-like film forming below the oil level on the inside of an oil reservoir sight glass?
Bacterial contamination
What may cause pump cavitation and produce poor system response and spongy control?
Foaming due to air absorbed in the oil
What process is recommended for cleaning rust and scale from long pieces or pieces bent to complex shapes?
Pickling (cleaning metal in a chemical bath)
What should be done to the open ends of pipes, tubing, hose, and fittings if they are to be stored for any considerable period?
They should be capped or plugged
What is the best way of determining the condition of a hydraulic system and its probable future performance?
By analyzing the operating fluid
When should samples be taken from a circulating hydraulic oil system?
When the hydraulic fluid is within 5°C (9°F) of normal system operating temperatures
What conditions should be maintained when flushing bacterial contamination from an oil system?
Flush the new flushing pil with the oil temperature 71°C (160°F) minimum and flow rate above 1.22m/sec (4ft/sec)
What may occur if a biocide is added to the oil without performing any of the other cleaning activities?
The biocide will kill the bacteria and release a tremendous biomass that will plug filters, control lines, and other equipment
