Basic Principles of Heredity

Question 1

Monohybrid Cross

Answer 1

Cross between two homozygous or heterozygous organisms that differ in a single characteristic

Question 2

Dihybrid cross

Answer 2

Cross between two homozygous or heterozygous organisms that differ in two characteristics

Question 3

Mendel’s 1st Law Observations

Answer 3

Law of Segregation:

• Each individual organism possesses two alleles encoding a trait (Before meiosis)
• Alleles separate when gametes are formed (Anaphase I)
• Alleles separate in equal proportions (Anaphase I)

Question 4

Mendel’s 2nd Law Observations

Answer 4

Independent Assortment:

• Alleles at different loci separate independently (Anaphase I)

Question 5

Principle of Segregation

Answer 5

States that each individual diploid organism possesses two alleles for any particular characteristic, one from the mother and and one from the father.
These two alleles separate when gametes are formed, and one allele goes into each gamete