Basic Principles of Energy Flashcards
-heat is absorbed form the surrounding
- temperature of the surrounding decreases
- sysyem become hotter
endothermic process
- release heat to the surrounding
- temperature of the surrounding increases
- system becomes colder
exothermic process
- non-SI unit of energy commonly used by chemist
- amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius
Calorie
POTENTIAL ENERGY (4)
- chemical energy
- Nuclear energy
- stored mechanical energy
- gravitational energy
KINETIC ENERGY (5)
- radiant energy
- motion
- sound
- electric energy
- thermal energy
- stored energy and the energy of position
- energy available by virtue of an objects position
- the energy an object has by virtue of its position in a field of force, such as gravitational, electric or magnetic field
potential energy
- Energy stored within the bonds of chemical substance.
chemical bonding: ionic, covalent and metallic - It is stored within the structural units of chemical substances.
- When substances participate energy is released, stored, or converted to other form of energies, and is transformed into an
entirely new substance
Chemical energy
- Energy stored within the collection of neutrons and protons in the
atom. - Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom
- Energy that holds the nucleus together
nuclear energy
energy stored in an object by the application of a force
stored mechanical energy
= is the action of applying a force to a solid, liquid, or gas so that it takes up less
space.
= is the application of balanced inward (“pushing”) forces to different points
on a material or structure, that is, forces with no net sum or torque directed so as to
reduce its size in one or more directions.
Compression
= is a quantity associated with stretching or tensile forces. It is responsible for the elongation of the material along the axis of the applied load also called tensile stress
Tension
= is a deformation of a material substance in which parallel internal surfaces slide past one another.
Shear
= is a load that is a applied to a material through torque. The torque that is applied creates a shear
stress. If a torsion force is large enough, it can cause a material to undergo a twisting motion
during elastic and plastic deformation.
torsion
= is a manufacturing process that produces a V-shape, U-shape, or channel shape along a straight axis in ductile materials
bending
= energy of a placce or position
gravitational energy
energy associated with object by virtue of its motion
kinetic energy
energy of electromagnetic energy that travels in transverse waves
radiant energy (radiation)
movement of the object or substance from one place to another
motion
movement of energy though substances in longitudinal waves
sound
energy associated with the flow of electons or movement of electrons
electrical energy
- energy contained within a system that is responsible for its temperature.
- HEAT is the flow of thermal energy. Transformation of energy.
- it’s the energy that is associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules
thermal energy
