Basic Principles of Energy

Question 1

-heat is absorbed form the surrounding
- temperature of the surrounding decreases
- sysyem become hotter

Answer 1

endothermic process

Question 2

• release heat to the surrounding
• temperature of the surrounding increases
• system becomes colder

Answer 2

exothermic process

Question 3

• non-SI unit of energy commonly used by chemist
• amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius

Answer 3

Calorie

Question 4

POTENTIAL ENERGY (4)

Answer 4

1. chemical energy
2. Nuclear energy
3. stored mechanical energy
4. gravitational energy

Question 5

KINETIC ENERGY (5)

Answer 5

1. radiant energy
2. motion
3. sound
4. electric energy
5. thermal energy

Question 6

• stored energy and the energy of position
• energy available by virtue of an objects position
• the energy an object has by virtue of its position in a field of force, such as gravitational, electric or magnetic field

Answer 6

potential energy

Question 7

• Energy stored within the bonds of chemical substance.
  chemical bonding: ionic, covalent and metallic
• It is stored within the structural units of chemical substances.
• When substances participate energy is released, stored, or converted to other form of energies, and is transformed into an
  entirely new substance

Answer 7

Chemical energy

Question 8

• Energy stored within the collection of neutrons and protons in the
  atom.
• Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom
• Energy that holds the nucleus together

Answer 8

nuclear energy

Question 9

energy stored in an object by the application of a force

Answer 9

stored mechanical energy

Question 10

= is the action of applying a force to a solid, liquid, or gas so that it takes up less
space.
= is the application of balanced inward (“pushing”) forces to different points
on a material or structure, that is, forces with no net sum or torque directed so as to
reduce its size in one or more directions.

Answer 10

Compression

Question 11

= is a quantity associated with stretching or tensile forces. It is responsible for the elongation of the material along the axis of the applied load also called tensile stress

Answer 11

Tension

Question 12

= is a deformation of a material substance in which parallel internal surfaces slide past one another.

Answer 12

Shear

Question 13

= is a load that is a applied to a material through torque. The torque that is applied creates a shear
stress. If a torsion force is large enough, it can cause a material to undergo a twisting motion
during elastic and plastic deformation.

Answer 13

torsion

Question 14

= is a manufacturing process that produces a V-shape, U-shape, or channel shape along a straight axis in ductile materials

Answer 14

bending

Question 15

= energy of a placce or position

Answer 15

gravitational energy

Question 16

energy associated with object by virtue of its motion

Answer 16

kinetic energy

Question 17

energy of electromagnetic energy that travels in transverse waves

Answer 17

radiant energy (radiation)

Question 18

movement of the object or substance from one place to another

Answer 18

motion

Question 19

movement of energy though substances in longitudinal waves

Answer 19

sound

Question 20

energy associated with the flow of electons or movement of electrons

Answer 20

electrical energy

Question 21

• energy contained within a system that is responsible for its temperature.
• HEAT is the flow of thermal energy. Transformation of energy.
• it’s the energy that is associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules

Answer 21

thermal energy