Basic Principles of Anatomy

Question 1

Anatomy involves which fields of study?

Answer 1

Osteology, Histology, Gross Anatomy, Imaging, Surface Anatomy and Embryology.

Question 2

Describe the Anatomical Position

Answer 2

Hands supinated, feet together, head up

Question 3

Sagittal Plane

Answer 3

Divides body into left and right

Question 4

Coronal Plane

Answer 4

Divides body into anterior and posterior

Question 5

Transverse Plane

Answer 5

Divides body into inferior and superior

Question 6

Anterior (ventral)/posterior (dorsal)

Answer 6

Front/back

Question 7

Medial/Lateral

Answer 7

Closer to/further away from median sagittal plane relatively

Question 8

Superior/inferior

Answer 8

Above/below

Question 9

Proximal/distal

Answer 9

Closer to/further from origin of a structure.

Question 10

Cranial/caudal

Answer 10

Related to head/tail

Question 11

Rostral

Answer 11

Position in relation to nose

Question 12

Superficial/deep

Answer 12

Describe relative position of structures relative to surface of body

Question 13

Flexion/extension

Answer 13

Decrease/increase angle at a joint

Question 14

Abduction/adduction

Answer 14

Move away from midline/move towards midline

Question 15

Pronation/supination

Answer 15

Face downwards/face upwards

Question 16

Elevation/depression

Answer 16

Move up/down

Question 17

What is circumduction, when is it used?

Answer 17

Rotation about more than one axis. A combination of multiple movements. Only for hips, shoulders and thumbs.

Question 18

Rotation

Answer 18

About one point of axis

Question 19

Protraction/retraction

Answer 19

Punch/bring back