basic pre-requisite knowledge Flashcards
true or false: reproduction is a process that is necessary for an organism to stay alive.
false. reproduction does not prove necessary to an individual. i.e a person will not die if he or she does not reproduce.
why should an organism reproduce if it does not need the process to stay alive?
species. species only exist due to the continuous reproduction of a particular type of organism. eg. if there were only one non reproducing organism of a particular kind, we would probably not notice its existence. it is the large number of organisms that bring them to our notice.
what do chromosomes in a nucleus contain?
they contain cell information for inheritance of features from the parent(s) to the offspring.
what is the full form of DNA?
DNA - Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid
where is the information source for the proteins for the inheritance found?
the DNA in the cell nucleus is the information source through which the proteins are made.
what happens if the DNA (the information) is changed for the formation of proteins?
if the information is changed, different proteins will be made. these changes may ultimately lead to different body designs.
active recall (longer question):
explain how the creation of DNA copies work, and how a cell creates new cells through it.
- cells use chemical reactions to create copies of their DNA.
- a cell first creates copies of its DNA. now there are 2 types of the same DNA.
- these copies need to be separated from each other in a reproducing cell.
- since pushing the newly made cell out will not be practical (because the cell would basically die bro it doesn’t have a cellular structure), an additional cellular apparatus (cell components) is created for both.
- finally these DNA copies separate, each with their own cellular apparatus through division.
are two DNA copies likely to always be identical?
not always. since there are multiple biochemical reactions taking place, there may be some slight errors in copying. this leads to small variations. so the DNA copies will obviously be similar, but not completely identical.
are the variations in the DNA copies good?
they may or may not be. some variations can be so drastic that the newly created cell may die due to its requirements. on the other hand, some variations create evolution in species.
_________ in reproduction is the basis for evolution.
variation.
what are niches?
niches are the well-defined spaces where an organism survives based on its requirement.
true or false: niches can change.
true. niches can change due to reasons beyond the control of an organism, such as temperature of the earth, water levels, meteorite hits, etc.
how do variations help in the survival of species?
variations are bound to be present in every species (NOT INDIVIDUAL, SPECIES.) these variations help when niches are drastically altered. eg. if the niche of a particular organism is drastically altered, then most of the organisms will die. but some of the organisms with variations that suit the new niche will survive.
what is the importance of DNA copying in reproduction?
DNA copying in reproduction maintains characteristics of a species in a new organism. it continues the similar structurality of a species. it also created variations which are useful for the species in the long run.
