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Português > Basic Portuguese > Flashcards

Basic Portuguese Flashcards

1
Q

what is the role of a subject pronoun?

A

to show who is performing the action of the verb

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2
Q

which part of speech are subject pronouns used with?

A

verbs

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3
Q

what are the five subject pronouns in Portuguese?

A

eu, você, ele, ela and nós

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4
Q

what are the four acting subject pronouns in Portuguese?

A

o senhor, os senhores, a senhora and as senhoras

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5
Q

which subject pronoun is now rarely used in Portuguese? why?

A

vós

because it is an old alternative for você

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6
Q

when can subject pronouns take the place of nouns?

A

when avoiding repeating the name of the noun

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7
Q

which subject pronouns change according to the gender of the noun?

A

it and they

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8
Q

when is ‘eles’ used?

A

in reference to male and mixed-gender groups

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9
Q

when is ‘elas’ used?

A

in reference to exclusively female groups

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10
Q

when is a subject pronoun not necessary?

A

when the verb ending tells you who is performing the action

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11
Q

what alternative effects can subject pronouns have on a sentence?

A

emphasis

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12
Q

who is addressed as ‘o + name’ or ‘a + name’?

A

friends
colleagues
peers

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13
Q

who is addressed as ‘você’?

A

friends
colleagues
peers

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14
Q

who is addressed as ‘o senhor’ or ‘a senhora’?

A

seniors

strangers

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15
Q

who is addressed as ‘o senhor Doutor’ or ‘a senhora Doutora’?

A

medical doctors

people with a University degree

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16
Q

who is addressed as ‘o (senhor) Profession’ or ‘a (senhora) Profession’?

A

people in professions of high stature
directors
diplomatic personnel

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17
Q

what is used to add weight to a formal address?

A

a progression of titles

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18
Q

who is addressed as ‘Vossa Excelência’?

A

people in positions of elevated status in public life

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19
Q

translate: it’s cheap

A

ele é barato

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20
Q

translate: it’s broken

A

ela está quebrada

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21
Q

translate: you are kind (formal, masculine)

A

o senhor é simpático

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22
Q

translate: you work in a bank (f, for)

A

a senhora trabalha no banco

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23
Q

translate: you have the plans (to an engineer)

A

o senhor Engenheiro tem os planos

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24
Q

translate: you like Brazil (plural)

A

vocês gostam do Brasil

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25
Q

how many Portuguese verbs exist that mean ‘to be’?

A

two

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26
Q

what type of situations does ‘ser’ usually describe?

A

permanent situations

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27
Q

which three (acting) subject pronouns are used instead of ‘vós’?

A

‘vocês’, ‘os senhores’ and ‘as senhoras’

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28
Q

which subject pronouns are used to refer to objects?

A

‘ele’ and ‘ela’

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29
Q

when is it acceptable to use a verb without a pronoun?

A

when the verb conjugation is specific to a certain pronoun

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30
Q

when is it unacceptable to use a verb without a pronoun?

A

when the verb conjugation isn’t specific to any pronoun

31
Q

how do you make a verb negative?

A

by putting ‘não’ in front of it

32
Q

how do you form a question?

A

add a question mark to the end of a statement

raise your tone in a questioning way

33
Q

translate: he is an engineer

A

é engenheiro

34
Q

translate: are you married?

A

é cansado?

35
Q

translate: my uncle is from New York

A

o meu tio é de Nova Iorque

36
Q

translate: the ball is my sister’s

A

a bola é da minha irmã

37
Q

translate: it’s 10 o’clock

A

são 10 horas

38
Q

translate: it’s the 25th of July

A

É 25 de julho

39
Q

translate: the purse is leather

A

a bolsa é de couro

40
Q

translate: fruit is good for one’s health

A

a fruta é boa para a saúde

41
Q

what type of situations is ‘estar’ used to describe?

A

temporary situations

42
Q

translate: I am in the office

A

eu estou no escritório

43
Q

translate: the books are in the drawer

A

os livros estão na gaveta

44
Q

translate: you are not in Salvador

A

você não está em Salvador

45
Q

translate: Maria is sick

A

a Maria está doente

46
Q

translate: my daughter is sleepy

A

a minha filha está com sono

47
Q

how many verb groups exist in Portuguese?

A

three main groups

48
Q

what do first-conjugation verbs all end in?

A

-ar

49
Q

what is the informal fourth group of verbs in Portuguese?

A

irregular verbs

50
Q

what does the infinitive form of a verb do?

A

it tells us the meaning of a verb

51
Q

what doesn’t the infinitive form of the verb do?

A

it doesn’t tell us who is performing the action of the verb

52
Q

in Portuguese, how do you show who is carrying out the action of the verb?

A

by conjugating it

53
Q

translate: I work every day

A

eu trabalho todos os dias

54
Q

translate: we have lunch at 12

A

nós almoçamos às 12 horas

55
Q

translate: my cousin lives in Washington (m)

A

o meu primo mora em Washington

56
Q

translate: the teacher replies to the question (f)

A

a professora responde à pergunta

57
Q

translate: does it always rain here?

A

sempre chove aqui?

58
Q

translate: do you understand?

A

(você) compreende?

59
Q

translate: we receive lots of postcards.

A

nós recebemos muitos cartões postais

60
Q

translate: are you learning Italian? (pl)

A

onde vocês aprendem italiano?

61
Q

translate: they must be cold (f)

A

elas devem estar com frio

62
Q

translate: I don’t know your brother

A

eu não conheço o seu irmão

63
Q

what are the second group of verbs in Portuguese called?

A

second-conjugation verbs

64
Q

what do all second-conjugation verbs end in?

A

-er

65
Q

sometimes there is a small spelling change in the second-conjugation verbs belonging to which grammatical person?

A

the first person (eu)

66
Q

what is the Portuguese structure for continuous action (-ing words)?

A

conjugated form of ‘estar’ + verb ending in ‘-ando’ (for -ar verbs) / ‘-endo’ (for -er verbs) / ‘-indo’ (for -ir verbs)

67
Q

translate: I am speaking

A

estou falando

68
Q

translate: you are eating

A

você está comendo

69
Q

translate: eles estão partindo

A

they are departing

70
Q

what are irregular verbs?

A

verbs whose conjugation does not follow the pattern for their respective verb ending.

71
Q

translate: he doesn’t tell the truth

A

ele não diz a verdade

72
Q

translate: what does she do?

A

o que ela faz?

73
Q

translate: we are seeing our friends tomorrow

A

vemos os amigos amanhã

74
Q

translate: they say that they read a lot

A

eles dizem que leem muito

Português (4 decks)

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