basic organic chemistry

Question 1

I-Br is a polar molecule
Heterolytic fission form an electrophile
state the meaning of electrophile and suggest a gormula of the electrophile from IBr (2)

Answer 1

• electron pair acceptor
• I+

Question 2

State the general formula for a carboxylic acid (1)

Answer 2

CnH2n+1COOH

Question 3

What is meant of the term homologous series (2)

Answer 3

• series of compounds with same functional group
• each successive member differing by CH2

Question 4

What is the general formula of the homologou series that has allyl bromide as a member (1)

Answer 4

CnH2n-1Br

Question 5

What does the curly arrows represent in mechanisms (1)

Answer 5

movement of an electron pair

Question 6

What is meant by the term structual isomers (1)

Answer 6

same molcecular formula but different structural formula

Question 7

State the reagents and conditions for an alkene to react to form an alcohol (1)

Answer 7

steam and acid catalyst

Question 8

Suggest why 2-methylbut-2-ene is less soluble in water than either of the structural isomers formed (2)

Answer 8

• does not contain OH gorups
• does not form hydrogen bonds with water

Question 9

State the general formula for cycloalkanes (1)

Answer 9

CnH2n

Question 10

Explain increasing in boiling points of cycloalkanes (2)

Answer 10

• more carbon atoms and stronger london forces
• more energy needed to break the intemolecular forces

Question 11

What is meant by the term stereoisomers (1)

Answer 11

same structural formula but a different arrangement of atoms in space

Question 12

What is the general formula of alkyl groups (1)

Answer 12

CnH2n+1