Basic Neurology: Cranial Nerves Flashcards
The mylohyoid, temporalis, masseter, and medial & lateral pterygoid muscles are innervated by this cranial nerve.
trigeminal (V) – (mesenphalic nucleus of V)
Vision is transmitted through this cranial nerve.
optic (II)
Motor messages to the pharynx, soft palate, facial pillars, and uvula are transmitted through these two pairs of cranial nerves.
glossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X)
This cranial nerve transmits motor messages to muscles of mastication.
trigeminal (V) – (mesencephalic nucleus of V)
Taste, pain, touch and temperature for the posterior 1/3 of the tongue are transmitted by this cranial nerve.
glossopharyngeal (IX)
Parasympathetic innervations to most organs are transmitted through this cranial nerve.
vagus (X)
This cranial nerve transmits information regarding smell (olfaction).
olfactory (I)
This cranial nerve provides motor innervations for facial expression, lacrimation, taste, and salivation.
facial (VII)
These two cranial nerves transmit motor messages to the intrinsic larynx, except cricothyroid and motor to the pharyngeal constrictors and cricopharyngeus.
vagus (X) and spinal accessory (XI)
This cranial nerve transmits light touch and kinesthesis or proprioception from the face.
trigeminal (V) – (chief sensory nucleus of V)
This cranial nerve controls superior oblique eye movements.
trochlear (IV)
The maxillary segment of this cranial nerve transmits sensory information including nasopharynx, hard and soft palates, upper teeth, and tonsils.
trigeminal (V) – (maxillary segment of chief sensory of V)
Sensation from the mucosa below the vocal folds and esophageal mucosa are transmitted by this segment of cranial nerve X.
recurrent laryngeal of Vagus
This cranial nerve controls lateral rectus eye movements.
abducens (VI)
The acoustic branch of this cranial nerve transmits sound.
auditory (VIII) or vestibulocochlear nerve
This cranial nerve innervates the intrinsic and most extrinsic muscles of the tongue.
hypoglossal (XII)
This cranial nerve controls oculomotor eye movements and pupilary constriction.
oculomotor (III)
Sensation from the laryngopharynx, epiglottis, and laryngeal vestibule are carried by this segment of cranial nerve X.
superior laryngeal of Vagus
This cranial nerve sends afferent information from the head regarding pain, temperature, and crude touch.
trigeminal (V) – (spinal nucleus of V)
This nucleus contains cell bodies for cranial nerves IX, X, XI; which innervate muscles of larynx and pharynx. Essential for speech and swallowing functions.
nucleus ambiguous
The vestibular portion of this cranial nerve transmits information about equilibrium and position in space.
auditory (VIII) or vestibulocochlear nerve
This nucleus contains cell bodies from cranial nerves VII, IX, and X; which carry sensory input from viscera as well as taste from the tongue.
nucleus solitarius
Motor nuclei are referred to in general as _________.
efferent
Sensory nuclei are referred to in general as _________.
afferent
trigeminal, V
muscles of mastication
vestibulocochlear, VII
hearing
facial, VII
facial expression, taste, lacrimation, and salivation; taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue
occulomotor, III
extraoccular eye movements
vagus, X
taste from epiglottis
Sensation from the pharynx is transmitted by these two cranial nerves.
glossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X)
Taste from the epiglottis is transmitted through this cranial nerve.
vagus (X)
Motor innervations to heart, lungs and gut are transmitted through this cranial nerve.
vagus (X)
mastication
chewing
innervation ratio
the ratio of motor neuron to the number of fibers it innervates
parasympathetic
rest and digest
kinesthesis
knowing where a body part is in space
procrioception
sense of orientation of body parts in relation to each other necessary to refine balance, position and fine motor movements
sympathetic
fight or flight
intrinsic muscles of tongue
deep musculature
extrinsic muscles of tongue
surface musculature
