Basic Neurology: Cranial Nerves

Question 1

The mylohyoid, temporalis, masseter, and medial & lateral pterygoid muscles are innervated by this cranial nerve.

Answer 1

trigeminal (V) – (mesenphalic nucleus of V)

Question 2

Vision is transmitted through this cranial nerve.

Answer 2

optic (II)

Question 3

Motor messages to the pharynx, soft palate, facial pillars, and uvula are transmitted through these two pairs of cranial nerves.

Answer 3

glossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X)

Question 4

This cranial nerve transmits motor messages to muscles of mastication.

Answer 4

trigeminal (V) – (mesencephalic nucleus of V)

Question 5

Taste, pain, touch and temperature for the posterior 1/3 of the tongue are transmitted by this cranial nerve.

Answer 5

glossopharyngeal (IX)

Question 6

Parasympathetic innervations to most organs are transmitted through this cranial nerve.

Answer 6

vagus (X)

Question 7

This cranial nerve transmits information regarding smell (olfaction).

Answer 7

olfactory (I)

Question 8

This cranial nerve provides motor innervations for facial expression, lacrimation, taste, and salivation.

Answer 8

facial (VII)

Question 9

These two cranial nerves transmit motor messages to the intrinsic larynx, except cricothyroid and motor to the pharyngeal constrictors and cricopharyngeus.

Answer 9

vagus (X) and spinal accessory (XI)

Question 10

This cranial nerve transmits light touch and kinesthesis or proprioception from the face.

Answer 10

trigeminal (V) – (chief sensory nucleus of V)

Question 11

This cranial nerve controls superior oblique eye movements.

Answer 11

trochlear (IV)

Question 12

The maxillary segment of this cranial nerve transmits sensory information including nasopharynx, hard and soft palates, upper teeth, and tonsils.

Answer 12

trigeminal (V) – (maxillary segment of chief sensory of V)

Question 13

Sensation from the mucosa below the vocal folds and esophageal mucosa are transmitted by this segment of cranial nerve X.

Answer 13

recurrent laryngeal of Vagus

Question 14

This cranial nerve controls lateral rectus eye movements.

Answer 14

abducens (VI)

Question 15

The acoustic branch of this cranial nerve transmits sound.

Answer 15

auditory (VIII) or vestibulocochlear nerve

Question 16

This cranial nerve innervates the intrinsic and most extrinsic muscles of the tongue.

Answer 16

hypoglossal (XII)

Question 17

This cranial nerve controls oculomotor eye movements and pupilary constriction.

Answer 17

oculomotor (III)

Question 18

Sensation from the laryngopharynx, epiglottis, and laryngeal vestibule are carried by this segment of cranial nerve X.

Answer 18

superior laryngeal of Vagus

Question 19

This cranial nerve sends afferent information from the head regarding pain, temperature, and crude touch.

Answer 19

trigeminal (V) – (spinal nucleus of V)

Question 20

This nucleus contains cell bodies for cranial nerves IX, X, XI; which innervate muscles of larynx and pharynx. Essential for speech and swallowing functions.

Answer 20

nucleus ambiguous

Question 21

The vestibular portion of this cranial nerve transmits information about equilibrium and position in space.

Answer 21

auditory (VIII) or vestibulocochlear nerve

Question 22

This nucleus contains cell bodies from cranial nerves VII, IX, and X; which carry sensory input from viscera as well as taste from the tongue.

Answer 22

nucleus solitarius

Question 23

Motor nuclei are referred to in general as _________.

Answer 23

efferent

Question 24

Sensory nuclei are referred to in general as _________.

Answer 24

afferent

Question 25

trigeminal, V

Answer 25

muscles of mastication

Question 26

vestibulocochlear, VII

Answer 26

hearing

Question 27

facial, VII

Answer 27

facial expression, taste, lacrimation, and salivation; taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue

Question 28

occulomotor, III

Answer 28

extraoccular eye movements

Question 29

vagus, X

Answer 29

taste from epiglottis

Question 30

Sensation from the pharynx is transmitted by these two cranial nerves.

Answer 30

glossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X)

Question 31

Taste from the epiglottis is transmitted through this cranial nerve.

Answer 31

vagus (X)

Question 32

Motor innervations to heart, lungs and gut are transmitted through this cranial nerve.

Answer 32

vagus (X)

Question 33

mastication

Answer 33

chewing

Question 34

innervation ratio

Answer 34

the ratio of motor neuron to the number of fibers it innervates

Question 35

parasympathetic

Answer 35

rest and digest

Question 36

kinesthesis

Answer 36

knowing where a body part is in space

Question 37

procrioception

Answer 37

sense of orientation of body parts in relation to each other necessary to refine balance, position and fine motor movements

Question 38

sympathetic

Answer 38

fight or flight

Question 39

intrinsic muscles of tongue

Answer 39

deep musculature

Question 40

extrinsic muscles of tongue

Answer 40

surface musculature