Basic Meteo Information

Question 0

What are the components of geostrophic wind in terms of stream function?

Answer 0

Ug= -dĮ/dy
Vg= dĮ/dx

Question 1

What is the continuity equation in pressure coordinates?

Answer 1

du/dx+dv/dy+dw/dp=0

Question 2

What are the units of stream function?

Answer 2

m^2/s

Question 3

What is the hydrostatic balance equation?

Answer 3

dp/dz=-pg

Use it for large scale motion

Question 4

What is the geostrophic wind equations?

Answer 4

Ug= -1/pf dp/dy
Vg= 1/pf dp/dx

Question 5

What is omega?

Answer 5

W= 7.29E-5

Question 6

What is the u-momentum equation?

Answer 6

du/dt= (-1/rho dp/dx)+(2€vsinø)-(2€wcosø)+(¥del^2u)

Question 8

What is the Coriolis parameter?

Answer 8

f= 2omegasin(ø)

Question 9

What are the seven equations that govern the moist atmosphere?

Answer 9

1) U,V, and W momentum equations
2) Mass continuity equation
3) Water mass continuity equation
4) Thermodynamic equation
5) Equation of State

Question 10

What are the 7 variables that describe the moist atmosphere?

Answer 10

u,v,w,p,T,q,rho

Question 11

What is the incompressible continuity equation? What conditions may it be used?

Answer 11

du/dx+dv/dy+dw/dz=0, when density is assumed to be constant

Question 12

What is the thermal wind?

Answer 12

Thermal wind is the wind that runs from Vg1000 to Vg500. It shows in the atmosphere where there is warming and cooling.

Question 14

What is the anelastic continuity equation? When may it be used?

Answer 14

Del•(rho*V)=0, appropriate form of continuity equation for real atmosphere on synoptic scale

Question 15

What is the equation for virtual temperature?

Answer 15

Tv=T(1+0.61q) where q is specific humidity

Question 16

How is potential temperature related to temperature? Equation?

Answer 16

Ø=T(1000/P)^Rd/Cp where Rd/Cp=.286

Question 17

What equation shows how pressure(or density) changes with height in an isothermal atmosphere?

Answer 17

P(z)=Po*e^-z/H

Question 18

What are the Eulerian and Lagranian forms of the mass continuity equation?

Answer 18

Eulerian dp/dt = -del•(pV)
Lagranian Dp/Dt = -pdel•V
So that mass continuity equation = dp/dt + del•(pV)=0, p = rho

Question 19

What is the ideal gas law(equation of state)?

Answer 19

P=pRdTv, Tv=T(1+.61q)

Question 20

What is the water-mass continuity equation?

Answer 20

d(pq)/dt + del•(pqV) = Sources and Sinks

Question 21

What is the gradient wind equation?

Answer 21

Vgr= -fR/2 +- 1/2sqrt(f^2R^2-(4R/p)(dP/dn))
R>0= anticyclonic
R<0= cyclonic

Question 22

What is a typical scale height?

Answer 22

8.1 km

Question 23

What is the difference between backing and veering winds?

Answer 23

Backing- winds rotate CCW and indicate CAA

Veering- winds rotate CW and indicate WAA