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Basic Medical Terms/Abbreviations > Basic Medical Terms > Flashcards

Basic Medical Terms Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Abrasion

A

scrape of the skin due to something abrasive

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2
Q

Abscess

A

collection of pus underneath the skin

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3
Q

Antipyretic

A

medication used to reduce a fever

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4
Q

Acute

A

new, usually of rapid onset and of concern; opposite of chronic

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5
Q

Afebrile

A

without fever (Temp. < 100.4)

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6
Q

Anterior

A

located toward the front of the body

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7
Q

Appendicitis

A

dangerous infections of the appendix

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8
Q

Auscultation

A

listening to sounds arising within organs (as the lungs)

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9
Q

Benign

A

normal, of no danger to health

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10
Q

Bradycardia

A

slow heart-rate (HR < 60 bpm)

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11
Q

Bronchiolitis

A

infection of the bronchioles (smaller air-tubes in the lungs)

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12
Q

Bronchitis

A

infection of the bronchi (upper airway)

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13
Q

Catheter

A

tube inserted into vessels or body cavities to permit injection or withdrawal of fluids or to keep a passage open

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14
Q

Chronic

A

long standing, constant. Opposite of acute

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15
Q

Cellulitis

A

infection of skin cells

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16
Q

Conjunctivitis

A

infection of the outer layer of the eye

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17
Q

Dialysis

A

process of removing waste from the blood for people with renal failure

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18
Q

Diaphoresis

A

sweating

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19
Q

Diffuse

A

spread out (not localized)

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20
Q

Distal

A

farther from the trunk of the body

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21
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficulty breathing

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22
Q

Dyursia

A

painful urination

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23
Q

Ecchymosis

A

a bruise

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24
Q

-ectomy (suffix)

A

surgical removal (ex. tonsillectomy)

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25
Q

Edemy

A

swelling

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26
Q

Emesis

A

vomiting

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27
Q

Epilepsy

A

seizure disorder

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28
Q

Epistaxis

A

nose bleed

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29
Q

Erythema/Erythematous

A

Redness/Red

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30
Q

Exudates (tonsillar)

A

pus-pockets on the tonsils

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31
Q

Febrile

A

the state of having a fever (Temp > 100.4)

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32
Q

Grossly

A

obviously; a lot; wholly

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33
Q

Hematemesis

A

gross amounts of blood in the vomit

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34
Q

Hematuria

A

blood in the urine

35
Q

Hemoptysis

A

coughing up gross amounts of blood

36
Q

Hemorrhage

A

excessive or profuse bleeding

37
Q

Hepatomegaly

A

enlarged liver

38
Q

Hernia

A

protrusion of an organ through the wall of the cavity that normally contains it

39
Q

Hyperlipidemia

A

high cholesterol

40
Q

Hypertension

A

high blood pressure

41
Q

Hypoxia

A

low oxygen saturation of the body, not enough oxygen in the blood

42
Q

ICD-10

A

a system to classify & code diagnosis, symptoms, & procedures

43
Q

Infarct

A

area of dead tissue after a lack of blood supply

44
Q

Inferior

A

lower on the body, farther from the head

45
Q

Ischemia

A

lack of blood supply

46
Q

-itis (suffix)

A

inflammation (ex. appendicitis)

47
Q

Laceration

A

splitting of the skin due to trauma (a cut due to something sharp)

48
Q

Lateral

A

farther from the midline (a line that can be traced from nose to bellybutton)

49
Q

Lethargic

A

septic, very sick, about to die

50
Q

Medial

A

nearer to the midline

51
Q

Meningitis

A

dangerous infection of the outer lining of the brain

52
Q

Otitis Externa

A

infection of the outer ear (ear canal)

53
Q

Otitis Media

A

infection of the inner ear (behind eardrum)

54
Q

Melena

A

black tarry stool

55
Q

Myalgia

A

muscular pain “muscle aches”

56
Q

Pallor

A

pale skin

57
Q

Palpation

A

examine by touch

58
Q

Palpitation

A

to beat rapidly, irregularly, or forcibly (usually relating to the heart)

59
Q

Peritoneal signs

A

guarding/rebound/rigidity: PE findings indicate a rupture in the abdomen

60
Q

Pharyngitis

A

throat infection

61
Q

Pneumonia

A

bacterial infection of the lungs

62
Q

Posterior/Dorsal

A

rear or backside of the body

63
Q

Prone

A

body position of lying flat, face down

64
Q

Proximal

A

nearer to the trunk of the body

65
Q

Pulmonary

A

relating to the lungs

66
Q

Purulence/Purulent

A

pus/pus-like

67
Q

Rales

A

crackles; wet cracking noice in lungs

68
Q

Rhinorrhea

A

clear and natural discharge “runny nose”

69
Q

Rhonchi

A

rattling noise of mucous in the lungs

70
Q

-scopy (suffix)

A

viewing w/ a scope (ex. colonoscopy)

71
Q

Sepsis

A

dangerous infection of the blood

72
Q

Sinusitis

A

infection/inflammation of the nasal sinuses

73
Q

Small bowel obstruction

A

physical blockage of the small intestines

74
Q

Streptococcal Pharyngitis

A

strep throat

75
Q

Superior

A

higher on the body, nearer to the head

76
Q

Supine

A

body position lying face up

77
Q

Syncope

A

“passing out,” loss of consciousness or fainting

78
Q

Tachycardia

A

fast heart rate (HR > 100 bpm)

79
Q

Trismus

A

inability to open the jaw due to pain

80
Q

Tachypnea

A

increased breathing rate

81
Q

Ulcerations

A

blisters or open-sores

82
Q

Vertigo

A

room-spinning dizziness (not light-headed)

83
Q

Wheezing

A

high pitched sound heard in the lungs with asthmatics or lung disease

Basic Medical Terms/Abbreviations (2 decks)

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