BASIC JOINTS

Question 1

WHAT ARE JOINTS and what are they CLASSIFIED BY?

Answer 1

 Joints (articulations) are places in the body where two or more bones come together.  Joints are classified by: – Structure - the material that is present – Function - how much movement is allowed. – See laboratory study guide for an outline

Question 2

WHAT ARE THE (3) (FUNCTION CLASSIFICATIONS) of JOINTS?

Answer 2

 By function there are three types of joints: - 1) synarthroses - 2) amphiarthroses - 3) diarthroses

Question 3

WHAT DOES A (COMMON KNEE INJURY) LOOK LIKE?

Answer 3

(INSERT DIAGRAM HERE)

Question 4

WHAT IS THE (SHOULDER JOINT) COMPILED AS? + WHAT are the (2) COMPONENTS that MAKE IT a (MORE IMPORTANT) JOINT they any other?

Answer 4

COMPILED AS: - A freely movable, less stable ball and socket joint. - It’s ligaments are less important in stabilizing this joint. - Bursae - Tendon sheaths - This JOINT is MORE IMPORTANT BECAUSE It’s (tendons)- (muscle to bone) have: 1.)- A (Long head) of the (biceps brachii) 2.)- AND- Rotator cuff tendons (INSERT PICTURE HERE)

Question 5

IN the (KNEE JOINT) what are (MENISCI) DEFINED as + WHERE ELSE can IT BE FOUND?

Answer 5

IT IS:pads of fibrocartilage that prevent lateral movement of the femur and act as shock absorbers. - Lateral meniscus and medial meniscus (INSERT DIAGRAM HERE)

Question 6

WHAT ARE THE (3) CLASSIFICATION OF (FIBROUS JOINTS)

Answer 6

1.)Suture 2.)Syndesmoses 3.)Gomphoses (INSERT PICTURE HERE)

Question 7

WHAT (STRUCTURES/LIGAMENTS) are (ASSOCIATED) + ATTACHED to BONE of a (COMPLEX)- (KNEE JOINT)?

Answer 7

1)- Fibular collateral and tibial collateral 2)- Oblique popliteal and arcuate popliteal 3)- Patellar 4)- Anterior cruciate and posterior cruciate

Question 8

WHAT ARE THE (2) KINDS OF (CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS)?

Answer 8

1.)Synchondroses 2.)Symphyses (INSERT PICTURE HERE)

Question 9

WHAT DOES THE (BALL + SOCKET joint of a (SHOULDER JOINT) of a (SYNOVIAL JOINT) LOOK like?

Answer 9

(INSERT PICTURE/DIAGRAM HERE)

Question 10

WHAT ARE the types of (SYNOVIAL CLASSIFICATIONS)? What are THEIR (CATEGORIES) + (RANGE OF MOTION)?

Answer 10

(INSERT PICTURE/TABLE HERE)

Question 11

WHAT DOES THE (HINGE JOINT) of a (ELBOW JOINT) of a (SYNOVIAL JOINT) LOOK like?

Answer 11

(INSERT PICTURE/DIAGRAM HERE)

Question 12

WHAT IS THE (KNEE JOINT) COMPILED AS?

Answer 12

(TENDONS)- these attach muscles to bones, and are as important as ligaments in maintaining the structural integrity of a joint. - Several (TENDONS) cross and help stabilize the knee joint posteriorly.

Question 13

WHAT IS THE (HIP JOINT) COMPILED AS + WHAT ARE its (MAJOR LIGAMENTS)?

Answer 13

Definition: - A stable (ball) and (socket) joint. MAJOR LIGAMENTS: 1.)- (LLIO)FEMORAL 2.)- (PUBO)FERMORAL 3.)- (ISCHIO)FEMORAL 4.)- LIGAMENTUM TERES (INSERT PICTURE HERE)

Question 14

WHAT ARE THE (4) (COMPONENTS) OF (SYNOVIAL JOINTS)?

Answer 14

1.)Articular (capsule) 2.)Articular (cartilage) 3.)Joint Cavity with synovial fluid 4.)Ligaments (INSERT PICTURE HERE)

Question 15

WHAT ARE THE (MOVEMENTS) of a (SYNOVIAL JOINT) that are ALLOWED?

Answer 15

• (Flexion) / extension / hyperextension / circusflexion - (Abduction) / adduction / circumduction / rotation - (Inversion) / eversion (of the foot) - (Dorsiflexion) / plantarflexion (of the foot) - (Supination) / pronation (of the forearm and hand)