Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RadBio > Basic Interaction of Ionizing Radiation > Flashcards

Basic Interaction of Ionizing Radiation Flashcards

1
Q

interaction of radiation in cells

A

probability function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

initial deposit of energy

A

10^-17 seconnds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

radiation interaction in a cell is

A

non-selective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

branch of biology concerned with the effects of inonizing radiation on living systems

A

Radiobiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

damages living system by ionization

A

Ionizing radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

characteristics of ionizing radiation

A

Charge
Mass
Energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Concepts of ionizing radiation

A

Linear Energy Transfer (LET)
Relative Biologic Effectiveness ( RBE)
Oxygen Enhancement Ratio ( OER)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

average energy deposited per unit length of track as a charged particle travels through ,matter

A

Linear Energy Transfer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

LET is expressed in

A

keV/um

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

causes sparse ionization and are highly penetrating

A

Low LET radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

exmaples of Low LET radiation

A

Xrays

Gamma rays

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

produces dense ionization and less penetrating

A

High LET radiattion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

relative capabilities of radiation w/ diffrent LETs

A

Relative Biologic Effectiveness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

comparison of adose of a test radiation to a dose of _______ w/c produce same biologic response

A

250 keV x-ray energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

RBE =

A

standard radiation to prodice a given effect/ test radiation to produce the same effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

biologic tissue is more sensitive to radiation when exposed to oxygenated environment

A

oxygen effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Oxygen effect numrically

ratio of radiation dose required to cause a respons to a oxygenated environment

A

Oxygen Enhancement Ratio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

OER =

A

dose of anoxic to produce a given effect/ aerobic to produce the same effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

effects produced by free radicals created by water molecules

A

Indirect action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Classification of ionizing radiation

A

Indirect action

Direct action`

21
Q

result of ionization of a essential molecule

A

direct action

22
Q

interaction of ionizing radiation with H20

A

Radiolysis of water

23
Q

radiolysis produces

A

ion pair

free radicals

24
Q

uncharged molecules that contains a single unparired electron but no electrical charge

A

Free Radical

25
Q

breakage of thread or backbone of long chain macromolecule

A

main chain scission

26
Q

the broken end will attach to the neighboring macromolecule

A

cross-linking

27
Q

disruption of a single chemical bonds of a macromolecules

A

point lesion

28
Q

rupture one chemical bond, occurs in Low LET radiotion

also called Point mutation

A

single strand break

29
Q

rupture in two chemical bond ocuures in High LET radiation

A

Double strand break

30
Q

loss or change in the nitrogenous bases resulting to sequence alteration

A

Mutation

31
Q

molecules can fragment or change into small , spurlike structure that becomes very interactive to other molecule

A

Covalent cross-links

32
Q

rejoining and healing of the broken ends

A

restitution

33
Q

joining of 2 chromatids without a centromere

A

acentric chromosomes

34
Q

joining of 2 chromatids with centromeres

A

Dicentric chromosomes

35
Q

joining of acentric fragment from one chromosomes to the fragment containing other’s centromere

A

Translocation

36
Q

fragments between the break is deleted

A

deletion

37
Q

fragment with broken end turn around and rejoin thereby reversing its position

A

inversion

38
Q

broken ends with centromere moves and twist before joining

A

ring chromosomes

39
Q

occurs in cells already in division

results to error in the transmission of genetic information to the daughter cells

A

chromosome stickiness

40
Q

molecles that are present only in necessary amount and all constantly neede for the prroper functioning of the life of the cells

A

target

41
Q

the interaction of ionizing radiation with a “key” molecule target or within a short distance around one of these molecules

A

target theory

42
Q

when the nucleus is the target, only _____ is required to kill a cell

A

100 rads

43
Q

when the cytplasm is the target, only _____ is required to kill a cell

A

1000 rads

44
Q

the number of dose is directly proportional to the dose

A

total dose

45
Q

rate which radiation is delivered

A

dose rate

46
Q

effects in chain breakage

A

carbohydrates

47
Q

effects in structural damage

A

proteins

48
Q

effects in alteration in the activity

A

enzymes

49
Q

damages the organelles, its transport and permeability

A

cell membrane

RadBio (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions