Basic immunopathology Flashcards
Y2C1 1 question wlii be asked
what is the first line of body defense
Innate immunity
components of Innate immunity
what type of cells found in Innate immunity ?
Epithelial cells
phagocytic cells
NK cells
plasma proteins
dendritic cells
other innate lymphoid cells
epithelia
epithelial cells also produce_____molevules such as defensins and lymphocytes
antimicrobial molecules
phagocyte microbe and protein antigens present___fragments to__cells
peptide fragments
T cells
macrophages
effector cell in___&____ immunity
cellular & humoral
marophages
phagocyte microbes that oposnized by___or___
IgG or C3b
macrophages
__cells activate macrophage and enhance ability to kill ingested microbes
T cells
dendritic cells
____dendritic cells under epithelia, interstitia of all tissue
interdigitating
dendritic cells
most important___presenting cells for initiating____responses aganist protein antigens
antigen presenting
T cells
dandritic cells
follicular dendritic cell present in ?
spleen and lymph nodes
Innate lymphoid cells
Innate lymphoid cells are___resident lymphocytes
tissue-resident
Innate lymphoid cells
cannot respond to antigens bu instead are activated by____and other mediators produced at sites of tissue damage
cytokines
Innate lymphoid cells
are the sources of inflammatory cytokines during early phases of_______reactions
immune
ınnate lymphoid cells
____cells are one type of ILC that provide early protection aganist many viruses and intracellular bacteria
natural killer
natural killer cell
contain____granules
azurophilic granules
natural killer cell
not bear___cell receptor or cell surface__
t cell receptor or cell surface Ig
natural killer cell
has ability to kill without____
sensitization
natural killer cell
lyse___cells
___infected cells
secreate___
tumor cells
virally infected cell
secrete cytokines
plasma proteins
____system consist of plasma proteins that are activated by microbes
complement system
plasma proteins
contains
_____binding lectin
_____protein
mannose-binding
C-reactive protein
Innate immunity
2 pattern exists which are ?
pathogen associated molecuar patterns
damage-associated molecular patterns
PAMPs pathogen associated molecular patterns
molecular structures or molecules that are shared by most pathogenic____&____
virus & bacteria
cellular receptor that recognize molecules released by____and_____cells
injured and necrotic cells
___recognize molecules that released from injured or necrotic cells
this patterns called damage associated molecular patterns
leukocytes
Toll like receptors TLRs
___&___cells recognize components of microbes by cellular receptors
leucocytes & epithelial cells
Toll like receptors TLRs
also known as______receptors
recognition
toll like receptors TLRs
present in plasma_____&_____vesicles
initiate cellular response to microbes
membrane and endosomal vesicles
NOD nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptors
intracellular sensors of______patterns
Nod not only receptors but inflammasome
pathogen associated molecular patterns
İnnate immunity:receptors
C-type lectin receptors expressed on plasma membrane of_____&____cells
macrophages & dendritic cells
C-type lectin receptors(CLRs)
can detect___glycans and____inflammatory reactions to fungi
fungal glycans & elicit
RIG-like receptors(RLRs)
located at____of most cell types
cytosol
RIG-like receptors(RLRs)
detect nucleic acids of____that replicate in____of infected cells
virus
cytoplasm
pattern recognition receptors
are located in all cellular compartments where microbes may be present:
plasma membrane receptors
endosomal receptors
cytosolic receptors
pattern recognition receptors
plasma membrane receptors can detect____microbes
extracellular
Innate immunity:after recognition
TLR signal cause activation of_____factors
known as transcription factors
NF-kB
nuclear factor
Innate immunity:after recognition
NF-kB cause production of__and proteins that stimulateactivities of cells
cytokines
microbicidal activities
adaptive immunity
cellular immunity protect aganist
______microbes and______
intracellular microbes and cancers
adaptive immunity
cellular immunity mediated by ?
T lymphocytes
adaptive immunity
humoral immunity protect aganist ?
extracellular microbes and their toxins
adaptive immunity
mediated by ?
B lymphocytes
and their secreated products antibodies (İmmunoglobin Ig)
lymphocytes
____lymphocytes not encountered with ag
native immunologically unexperienced
mature
mature lymphocyte after activated by ag
____cells eliminate microbes
_____cells live in a state of awareness
effector
memory
T lymphocyte:helper T lymphocytes
stimulate B lymphocytes to?
make antibodies
activate other leukocytes
T lymphocyte
3 type exist name them
helper T
cytotoxic(killer) T
regulatory T
regulatory T lymphocytes
limit___responses and prevent reactions aganist____antigens
immune responses
self antigens
cytotoxic T lymphocytes
kills____cells
infected
T lymphocyte
generated from immature precursors in ?
thymus
T lymphocyte
Cell zone located at ?
lymph node and spleen
T lymphocyte
each T cell recognize ag by ____specific T cell receptor
ag-specific
T cell receptor
consist of_____or_____pp chain
T cell receptor complex
associated with group of proteins called ___complex
which initiate activating signals
CD3
T cell receptor complex TCR
all proteins of CD3 complex are____in all T cell
they do not contribute to specificity
identical
TCR diversity
generated by_________of genes encoding TCR chains
somatic rearrangement
TCR diversity
every somatic cell has TCR genes in____configuration
germline
TCR diversity
rearrengement occur only in__cells during development in thymus
T cells
TCR receptor types
aB TCR recognize____via_____complex(MHC)of___presenting cells
antigens
major histocompatibility complex
antigen-presenting cells
TCR receptor types
____TCR recognize____,____small molecules w/o requirement of___proteins
MHC
major histocompatibility complex
gamma&delta T cells
found at____surfaces of GI respiratory,urogenital mucosa
protection aganist___
epithelial surface
protection aganist microbes
T cells receptors
CD4 & CD8 required to initiate signals that activate___cells
expressed on___T cells
T cells
alpha&beta T cells
T cell receptor functions
CD4>_helper
secreates____
T helper
cytokines
B lymphocytes
__ synthesis and secretion
B-cells recognize antigens via____complex which includes Ig_ & Ig_
after antigen recognization B cell converts into___cell
Ig synthesis
antigen receptor complex
includes IgM &IgD
B-cell converts into plasma cell
Ig is the mediator of humoral immunity
B-cell receptor complex
composed of membrane Ig__&__
CD__ is a receptor for a complement component
IgM&D
CD21
