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EP 101 > Basic EP Principles > Flashcards

Basic EP Principles Flashcards

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1
Q

electrical activity in a localized area of the heart, between 2 electrodes that lie near or come in contact with endocardial tissue

A

intracardiac electrograms

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2
Q

what action potential is recorded

A

rapid depolarization phase (phase 0)

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3
Q

egm records ___ phase of the action potential

A

rapid depolarization

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4
Q

most common dx catheter

A

quadripolar

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5
Q

quadripolar can record info at

A

2 sites

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6
Q

proximal electrode is used for

A

recording electrical activity

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7
Q

distal electrode is used for

A

deliver pacing stimuli

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8
Q

electrode sizing ranges from

A

2-8mm

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9
Q

electrode spacing ranges from

A

2mm to 10mm

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10
Q

electrode spacing that records the most detail

A

2mm

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11
Q

rate EP studies are displayed at

A

100 mm/second

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12
Q

higher resolution is provided by increasing the amplitude

A

gain

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13
Q

placed lateral all of right atrium near the junction of SVC as close to SA node as possible

A

High Right Atrial (HRA) catheter

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14
Q

placed across posterior aspect of triscupid valve close to HIS bundle

A

HIS bundle Catheter

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15
Q

HIS signals in 4 spots

A

low right atrium
av node
his bundle
portion of right ventricle

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16
Q

A spike represents depolarization in this area

A spike is usually few milliseconds later than

A

low right atrium

surface Pwave

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17
Q

H spike represents depolarization in this area

H spike is aligned to what interval

A

HIS bundle

PR interval

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18
Q

V spike represents depolarization in this area

v spike is aligned to what interval

A

Right ventricle

QRS complex

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19
Q

What catheter is placed in the coronary sinus, posterior and slightly inferior to the mitral valve

A

coronary sinus catheter

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20
Q

records activity from left side of heart

A

coronary sinus catheter

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21
Q

CS catheter -
proximal electrodes records
distal electrodes lie

A 
proximal = atrial
distal = between atrial and ventricles
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22
Q

CS EGM represents atrial and ventricular signals on what side of the heart

A

left

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23
Q

records right venticular activity

A

Right ventricular apex

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24
Q

RVA EGM represents the electrical activity of the right ___ and right ____

A

ventricle and bundle branch

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25
Q

timed delivery of pacing stimuli to reproduce an arrhythmia under controlled condiitons

A

programmed electrical stimulatoin

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26
Q

drive train of electrical impulses delivered at fixed cycle lengths

A

incremental pacing

27
Q

one or more premature impluses are delivered at progressively shorter intervals

A

extrastimulus pacing

28
Q

interval between successive A waves measured from the HRA catheter

A

Basic Cycle Length

29
Q

patient’s intrinsic natural heart rate

A

Basic Cycle Length

30
Q

faster heart rate, ___ the BCL

A

shorter

31
Q

interval from the SA to the AV node

A

Intraatrial conduction time (IACT)

32
Q

measured from beginning of surface P wave to the A spike on HIS EGM

A

Intraatrial conduction time (IACT)

33
Q

normal values range from 25 - 55 ms

A

Intraatrial conduction time (IACT)

HV interval

34
Q

reflects AV node conduction

A

AH interval

35
Q

time it takes for an impulse to travel from the lower atrium through the AV node to the HIS bundle

A

AH interval

36
Q

Normal values range from 45 to 140 ms

A

AH interval

37
Q

reflects intraventricular conduction

A

HV interval

38
Q

time it takes for an impulse to travel from the HIS bundle through the Purkinje system to the ventricles

A

HV interval

39
Q

extrastimuli are used to measure

A

refractory period

40
Q

3 EP-defined refractory periods

A

effective
relative
functional

41
Q

longest coupling interval in which an extrastimulus fails to propagate through cardiac tissue

A

effective refractory period

42
Q

cardiac cells cannot propagate during

A

effective refractory period

43
Q

time between the last paced impulse and the extrastimulus

A

coupling interval

44
Q

time from the end of the ERP to the beginning phase 4 of the action potential

A

relative refractory period

45
Q

at the end of the relative refractory period, cardiac tissue is

A

fully recovered

46
Q

narrowest interval between two successive conducted impulses

A

functional refractory period

47
Q

TIme it takes for the SA node to recover from overdrive suppression of normal automaticity

A

Sinus node recovery time (SNRT)

48
Q

how to suppress SA node automaticity

A

over drive pacing

49
Q

technique pacing impulses delivered via HRA catheter at constant rate for 30 seconds then stopped

A

over drive pacing

50
Q

longest pause between last paced beat and first intrinsic beat

A

Sinus node recovery time (SNRT)

51
Q

SNRT considered abnormal > XXms

A

1500

52
Q

CSNRT considered abnormal > XXms

A

525 ms

53
Q

CSNRT formula

A

SNRT - BCL

54
Q

SNRT Ratio

A

SNRT/BCL X 100%

55
Q

time it takes for a sinus impulse to travel through perinodal atrial tissue

A

sinoatrial conduction time (SACT)

56
Q

normal SACT

A

50-115 MS

57
Q

prolonged SACT suggests

A

sinus exit block in which impulses form but are not conducted

58
Q

two ways to measure SACT

A

Narula method

Straus method

59
Q

short bursts of pacing pulses are delivered at a rate slightly faster than the sinus rate to minimize overdrive suppression

A

Narula method

60
Q

decremental pacing is used to prevent overdrive suppression

A

Straus Method

61
Q

SACT longer than __ is considered abornmal

A

115ms

62
Q

basic EP tasks for EP study includes

A

measuring baseline conduction intervals

performing atrial and ventircular extrastimulus testing

63
Q

baseline measurements 6

A 
basic cycle length
Intraatrial conduction time (IACT)
AH
HV
QRS
QT

EP 101 (6 decks)

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