Basic Electricity

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Anything that occupies space and may be in the form of solid, liquid, or gas and can be reduced into elements.

Question 2

Atomic Structure of Matter

Answer 2

Basic structure of all materials.

Question 3

Element

Answer 3

Cannot be broken down or changed into another substance by chemical means.

Question 4

Atom Particle

Answer 4

The smallest unit of an element that can still be identified.

Question 5

Nucleus

Answer 5

The central body of the atom.

Question 6

Neutrons

Answer 6

Particles that do not have a charge.

Question 7

Protons

Answer 7

Positively charged particles.

Question 8

Electrons

Answer 8

Negatively charged particles.

Question 9

Particles of the ___ charge repel

Answer 9

same

Question 10

Particles of the ___ charge attract.

Answer 10

opposite

Question 11

Protons and neutrons contribute to the ___ of an element.

Answer 11

atomic weight

Question 12

When an atom has an equal number of protons and neutrons, the atom is considered neutral. True or false?

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Compound

Answer 13

The result of two or more different chemically combined elements.

Question 14

Molecule

Answer 14

The smallest physical unit of a compound.

Question 15

Mixture

Answer 15

The result of elements or compounds combining without a chemical reaction.

Question 16

Is Oxygen a compound or an element?

Answer 16

element

Question 17

Is water a compound or an element?

Answer 17

Compound because 1 oxygen atom + 2 hydrogen atoms = H2O

Question 18

Electron Obit/Shell

Answer 18

The outside part of an atom around the atomic nucleus containing a specific number of electrons.

Question 19

When an atom loses electrons, it becomes…

Answer 19

positively charged

Question 20

When an atom gains electrons, it becomes…

Answer 20

negatively charged

Question 21

Current Flow

Answer 21

The movement of electrons from one atom to another.

Question 22

Potential Energy

Answer 22

The stored energy in an object due to its position, properties, and forces acting on it.

Question 23

Difference in Potential

Answer 23

The difference in the amount of energy that charge carriers have between two points in a circuit.

Question 24

Electromagnetic Force (EMF)

Answer 24

A type of physical interaction that occurs between electrically charged particles.

Question 25

Friction

Answer 25

A force that resists the motion of one object against another.

Question 26

Pressure (Piezoelectricity)

Answer 26

Voltage is produced by squeezing or pressurizing crystals of certain substances.

Question 27

Heat (Thermoelectricity)

Answer 27

Created using a thermocouple.

Question 28

Light (Photoelectricity)

Answer 28

Voltage is produced by light striking photo sensitive substances.

Question 29

Chemical Action

Answer 29

Voltage is created or produced by a chemical reaction in a battery cell.

Question 30

Magnetism

Answer 30

Voltage is produced in a conductor when the conductor moves through a magnetic field or when a magnetic field move through the conductor in a way that cuts the lines of forces of the magnetic field.

Question 31

Three conditions must exist before voltage can be produced:

Answer 31

Must be a conductor with a complete path in which the voltage will be produced A magnetic field Relative motion between the magnetic field and the conductor.

Question 32

Resistance

Answer 32

Opposition to the current flow.

Question 33

Electron Current Flow

Answer 33

Electrical current flows out of the negative terminal of the battery, through the circuit and back to the positive terminal of the battery.

Question 34

An electric circuit needs three ingredients:

Answer 34

Voltage source Complete path for current flow Load of resistance

Question 35

Electromagnetism

Answer 35

Current carrying conductors are surrounded by a magnetic field.

Question 36

Capacitance

Answer 36

The capacity of a material objects or device to store electric charge.

Question 37

How does a transformer work?

Answer 37

When a current is applied to the primary coil, a magnetic field is established around it which is cut by windings of the secondary coil. It then induces a current and voltage in the secondary coil or windings of the transformer. Inducted voltage is proportional to the ration of turns of the wire in the two coils.

Question 38

Kirchhoff's Law Current Law

Answer 38

The sum of all of the currents flowing into a junction, node or point in a circuit must be equal to the sum of all the currents flowing away from the junction, node or point.

Question 39

Kirchhoff's Law Voltage Law

Answer 39

The sum of all the voltage (differences of potential) rises in a complete circuit must be equal to the sum of all the voltage drops in the same closed-circuit.

Question 40

NO

Answer 40

Normally Open

Question 41

NC

Answer 41

Normally Closed

Question 42

Resistance in a Series Circuit

Answer 42

RT = R1 + R2 + R3 + … RN

Question 43

Current Flow in a Series Circuit

Answer 43

If you know the current flowing through one component, then you know the total current for the circuit.

Question 44

Voltage Drop

Answer 44

The decrease in voltage that occurs when an electric current passes through a circuit, from the source to the load.

Question 45

Series DC Circuits

Answer 45

RT = R1 + R2 + R3 + … RN

Question 46

Total power delivered to a circuit by the power source must equal the sum of the individual power dissipated by each component. True or false?

Answer 46

True

Question 47

Voltage in a Parallel Circuit

Answer 47

ET = ER1 = ER2 = ER3

Question 48

Current in a Parallel Circuit

Answer 48

Total current is distributed proportional among the branches depending on their individual resistances.

Question 49

Resistance in a Parallel Circuit

Answer 49

1/RT = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3

Question 50

Total circuit resistance in a parallel circuit will always be greater than the resistance of the branch containing the smallest resistance. True or false?

Answer 50

False, it will be less.

Question 51

ii. Kirchhoff’s Law of Electrical Current

Answer 51

The current approaching an electrical junction must be equal to the current leaving the junction

Question 52

Overcurrent

Answer 52

When an electrical current is higher than the intended amount in a conductor or device.

Question 53

Fault Current

Answer 53

An abnormal amount of electrical current that flows through an electrical system during an unintentional short circuit or partial short circuit.

Question 54

Overvoltage

Answer 54

A temporary or permanent increase in voltage that exceeds the design limit of a circuit or device.