Basic Electricity Flashcards
Ampere
One coulomb of charge (6.24 x 10^18 individual charges) going past a given point per second.
Atom
The smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of a chemical element.
Compound
In chemistry, a pure substance composed of two or more elements whose composition is constant.
Conductor
In physics, an object or type of material that allows the flow of an electrical currents in one or more directions.
Coulomb
The quantity of electricity carried in one second by a current of one ampere, roughly 6.24 x 10^18 individual charges.
Current
The flow of electrical charge through a conductor, measured in amperes.
Electrical Charge
A property possessed by an object when it has an uneven number of positive and negative charges. The more charges of one type that it has, the greater the electrical charge.
Electrical Force
The fundamental force exerted by electrical charges on other electrical charges, with both attractive and repulsive interactions.
Electron
A sub-atomic particle that carries a negative electrical charge and moves around the nucleus of the atom at a distinct distance, depending on its energy level.
Insulator
In physics, non-conducting materials with few mobile charges that support only insignificant electric currents.
Ion
An electrically charged atom or group of atoms formed by the loss or gain of one or more electrons.
Neutron
A sub-atomic particle that carries no electrical charge. Neutrons exert the strong nuclear force which binds protons together in the nucleus of the atom.
Piezoelectric
A device that uses pressure to separate electrical charge, consisting of certain crystalline materials arranged so that mechanical pressure causes a flow of charge.
Proton
A sub-atomic particle that carries a positive electrical charge and, along with neutrons, makes up the nucleus of the atom.
Resistance
The opposition to electrical current flow, measured in ohms.
Shell
In atomic physics, any of the eight energy layers that surround an atomic nucleus and hold electrons.
Thermocouple
A device, consisting of two different metallic wires, fused at one end and arranged in a way such that the heating of the fused junction causes a separation of charges in the wires.
Voltage
The measure of potential difference across a conductor, also known as the electrical pressure that results when charges are separated.
The fundamental law of electricity is which of the following:
Like charges repel and unlike charges attract
Metals are good conductors because they have which of the following?
One or two electrons in their outer shell
Which properties do the magnetic force and electrical force have in common?
Attracts and repels, strength varies with distance, can do work
Current in a circuit is often characterized as which of the following?
Electrical flow
Which list has the correct ways used to create electrical potential?
Friction Pressure Heat Light Chemical action Magnatism
Voltage in a circuit is often characterized as which of the following?
Electrical pressure
