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CoreCHI Medical Written Exam > Basic Dental Terminology > Flashcards

Basic Dental Terminology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

occlusal

A

portion of the tooth that occludes or the grinding surface

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2
Q

incisal

A

edge of front tooth used for cutting off food

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3
Q

Dent- or Odont-

A

tooth

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4
Q

Perio-

A

around

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5
Q

Endo-

A

inside

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6
Q

-ist

A

person who treats or does the procedure

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7
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

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8
Q

Perio-dont-itis

A

inflammation of the tissues around the tooth

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9
Q

Gingiva

A

gums

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10
Q

Pulp(nerve)

A

tissue inside the tooth containing the nerve, blood vessels and cells that repair the tooth to protect it from approaching caries by forming a layer of dentin.

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11
Q

Pulp-itis

A

inflammation of the nerve

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12
Q

Osseous

A

refers to bone

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13
Q

Osseous surgery

A

surgery involving manipulation of bone

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14
Q

Apex

A

tip or point

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15
Q

Peri-

A

around

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16
Q

Peri-apical

A

around the point (root tip)

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17
Q

Peri-apical film

A

film that shows the end of the root

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18
Q

Bite-wing film

A

a film that has a tab (wing) on the side to bite on when taken

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19
Q

Pediatric dentist

A

limited to treatment of children, including special problems (handicapped, behavior problems, extensive dental disease in the young)

20
Q

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons

A

mainly do extensive surgical extractions (e.g., impacted wisdom teeth), treat fractured jaws and perform surgical procedures involving the jaws and teeth

21
Q

Orthodontists

A

fit braces for malocclusions (crooked teeth)

22
Q

Periodontists

A

treat diseases of the gums and bone (supporting tissues) - surgical procedures/scaling and root planing

23
Q

Prosthodontists

A

(Prosthetic appliances are artificial replacements for body parts.) Provide dentures, implants, fixed bridges, extensive reconstruction with crowns, etc.

24
Q

Oral Pathologists

A

specialize in diagnosis of diseases and abnormalities by clinical examinations and analysis of biopsies or laboratory tests

25
Q

Endodontists

A

treat problems with the pulp, root canals and perform surgery of the tissues around the end the roots (periapical).

26
Q

Maxilla

A

upper jaw bone

27
Q

Mandible

A

lower jaw bone

28
Q

Arch

A

he horseshoe (U)-shaped arrangement of the teeth and bone

29
Q

Maxillary arch

A

upper teeth and bone around the teeth

30
Q

Mandibular arch

A

lower teeth and bone

31
Q

Quadrant

A

area divided in fourths. For dentistry, the mouth is divided in the midline between the two central incisors and separated between the upper and lower arches for descriptive purposes

32
Q

Upper right quadrant

A

teeth and bone in patient’s upper right segment. Right and left always refers to the patient’s right or left. Abbreviations refer to upper right, upper left, lower left and lower right (UR, UL, LL, LR)

33
Q

Incisor tooth

A

one of the four upper or lower front teeth that have an edge versus apoint and used for incising food (cutting it off)

34
Q

Cuspid

A

pointed tooth at corners of each arch; also called canine because dogs have large cuspids or eye teeth because root is long and apex of the root is under the eye

35
Q

Bicuspid

A

has two cusps, there are two bicuspids on each side of each arch

36
Q

Pre-molar

A

teeth in front of molars (just another name for bicuspids)

37
Q

Molar

A

multiple cusp teeth used for grinding food. There are three permanent molars in each quadrant.

38
Q

Decay

A

decompose or come apart

39
Q

Abscess

A

localized infection that can spread

40
Q

Prophylaxis

A

cleaning, scaling and polishing the surfaces of the teeth to remove the stains and deposits (calculus)

41
Q

Root planing

A

the exposed root surfaces are smoothed with instruments to remove the deposits causing the irritation and inflammation

42
Q

Amalgam restoration

A

silver filling made by mixing an alloy of silver, tin, copper and zinc with mercury; used for fillings in posterior (back) teeth

43
Q

Composite resin

A

tooth-colored plastic with silica particles as a filler; may be cured with a light or chemical catalyst; primarily used for restoring front teeth.

44
Q

Veneers

A

partial crowns, done on front teeth where a thin layer of enamel is removed from the front surface (labial) and a thin layer of porcelain or plastic is bonded to the tooth.

45
Q

Cast restorations

A

used when the tooth has such a large cavity or fracture that it needs additional strength for support

CoreCHI Medical Written Exam (4 decks)

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