Basic concepts of organic chemistry Flashcards
1
Q
Alicyclic
A
- aliphatic compound
- arranged in non-aromatic rings
- with or without side chains (branches)
2
Q
Aliphatic
A
- compound
- containing carbon and hydrogen
- joined together in straight chains, branched chains or non-aromatic rings
3
Q
Alkyl group
A
formula CnH2n+1
4
Q
Aromatic
A
compound containing at least one benzene ring
5
Q
Displayed formula
A
formula which shows the relative positions of all the atoms and the bonds between them
6
Q
Functional group
A
- reactive part of an organic molecule
- part of an organic molecule which gives it its characteristic properties or reactions
7
Q
General formula
A
simplest algebraic formula for a homologous series
e.g. CnH2n+2 for the alkanes
8
Q
Homologous series
A
- series of organic compounds
- same functional group
- each member differing by CH2
9
Q
Hydrocarbon
A
compound containing carbon and hydrogen only
10
Q
Saturated
A
- compound
- single carbon-carbon bonds only
11
Q
Skeletal formula
A
- simplified formula
- hydrogen atoms removed from alkyl chains
- leaving a carbon skeleton
- drawn as a zig zag and associated functional groups
12
Q
Structural Formula
A
- formula showing the minimal detail
- for the arrangement of atoms in a molecule
e.g. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 or CH3(CH2)3CH3
13
Q
Unsaturated
A
- compound containing multiple
carbon-carbon bonds - including C=C, C≡C and aromatic rings
14
Q
Volatility
A
ease with which a liquid turns into a gas
