Basic Concepts

Question 1

What is a compound?

Answer 1

A compound is a substance that consists of two or more elements chemically combined.

Question 2

Can a mixture be separated into simpler substances?

Answer 2

Yes

Question 3

What is the relative charge of a proton?

Answer 3

+1

Question 4

What is the relative charge of a neutron?

Answer 4

0

Question 5

What is the relative charge of an electron?

Answer 5

-1

Question 6

What is the relative mass of a proton?

Answer 6

1

Question 7

What is the relative mass of a neutron?

Answer 7

1

Question 8

What is the relative mass of an electron?

Answer 8

1/1840

Question 9

Where are protons located?

Answer 9

Nucleus

Question 10

Where are neutrons located?

Answer 10

Nucleus

Question 11

Where are electrons located?

Answer 11

Shells surrounding the nucleus

Question 12

What does the atomic number tell us?

Answer 12

The number of protons and electrons

Question 13

Is the atomic number at the top or bottom on the periodic table?

Answer 13

Bottom

Question 14

What does the mass (nucleus) number tell us?

Answer 14

Number of protons + number of neutrons COMBINED

Question 15

What does the group number tell us?

Answer 15

Number of outer shell electrons

Question 16

What is a positive ion called?

Answer 16

Cation

Question 17

What is a negative ion called?

Answer 17

Anion

Question 18

What do acid and alkali react to form?

Answer 18

Salt + water

Question 19

What does an acid and base react to form?

Answer 19

Salt + water

Question 20

What does an acid and metal react to form?

Answer 20

Salt + hydrogen

Question 21

What does an acid and carbonate react to form?

Answer 21

Salt + carbon dioxide + water

Question 22

What does hydrocarbon + oxygen form?

Answer 22

Carbon dioxide + water

Question 23

What does fractional distillation separate?

Answer 23

Liquids with similar boiling points

Question 24

What does a separating funnel separate?

Answer 24

Immiscible liquids

Question 25

What does paper chromatography separate?

Answer 25

It separates the components in a mixture.

Question 26

What is an isotope?

Answer 26

Atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons and electrons but different numbers of neutrons.

Question 27

What is relative atomic mass?

Answer 27

The mass of each atom of an element on a scale where 1 atom of Carbon 12 is exactly 12.

Question 28

Why do noble gases not form bonds?

Answer 28

They have a full outer shell of electrons.

Question 29

Weak forces in simple structures are between...

Answer 29

Molecules

Question 30

What are the 3 giant covalent structures?

Answer 30

Diamond, silicon dioxide and graphite

Question 31

What atoms are the three giant covalent structures made of?

Answer 31

Carbon

Question 32

What is a metallic bond?

Answer 32

The electrostatic attraction between a lattice of positive ions and the sea of delocalised electrons

Question 33

What is a metallic structure?

Answer 33

A regular arrangement of positive ions surrounded by a sea of delocalised electrons.

Question 34

Can metallic structures conduct heat?

Answer 34

Yes as atoms in the metal can vibrate.

Question 35

Do metallic structures conduct electricity?

Answer 35

Yes as the delocalised electrons can move throughout the metal

Question 36

Why do metals have a high density?

Answer 36

There are a lot of atoms per unit volume.

Question 37

What is an ionic bond?

Answer 37

An electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

Question 38

When do ionic compounds conduct electricity?

Answer 38

When dissolved or molten

Question 39

What is an alloy?

Answer 39

A mixture of metals

Question 40

Why does alloying make a metal stronger?

Answer 40

The additional metal atoms are a different size and break up the regular structure Layers can no longer slide easily

Question 41

What is an element?

Answer 41

An element is a substance that cannot be separated into anything simpler.