Acids, Alkalis and Salts Flashcards
What is the formula for Nitric acid?
HNO₃
What is the formula for hydrochloric acid?
HCl
What is the formula for Sulphuric acid?
H₂SO₄
What acid is this: H₂SO₄
Sulphuric acid
What acid is this: HNO₃
Nitric acid
What acid is this: HCl
Hydrochloric acid
What is an acid?
A species that produces H+ ions in solution.
What is an alkali?
A species that produces OH- ions in solution.
What is a base?
A substance that can neutralise an acidic solution, but does not dissolve in water.
What is a salt?
A salt is formed when the H+ ions of an acid are replaced by metal ions of ammonium ions.
What are three common alkalis?
- sodium hydroxide
- potassium hydroxide
- calcium hydroxide
What are three examples of bases?
- copper (II) oxide
- iron (II) oxide
- zinc carbonate
What products are formed when an acid reacts with a metal?
salt + hydrogen
What products are formed when an acid reacts with an alkali?
salt + water
What products are formed when acid reacts with a carbonate?
salt + water + carbon dioxide
What is the word equation for acid and a metal?
acid + metal —> salt + hydrogen
What is the word equation for acid and an alkali?
acid + alkali → a salt + water
What is the word equation for acid and a carbonate?
acid + carbonate → a salt + water + carbon dioxide
How do you test for hydrogen?
You have to hold a lit splint in to the gas being tested and if a squeaky pop is heard, hydrogen gas is present.
How do you test for carbon dioxide?
Bubble the test gas through limewater and it will turn cloudy if carbon dioxide is present.
What products are formed when acid reacts with a base?
Salt + water
What is the equation when an acid reacts with a base?
Acid + base—> Salt + water
What is neutralisation?
A reaction in which acidity or alkalinity is removed.
