Basic Concept of Statistics Flashcards
Deals with the collection, organization,
presentation, analysis, and interpretation of
numerical data
Statistics
Process of gathering numerical information
Different methods used to gather information:
o Interview
o Questionnaire
o Experiments
o Observation
o Documentary analysis
Collection of Data
Arrangement and exposition of data in an
appropriate table and graphs
Graphical presentation includes:
o Bar graphs
o Pie graphs
Presentation of Data
The activity of describing the properties,
characteristics, or behavior of the data
Analysis of Data
The activities that involve explanation of the
meaning of statistical finding
Interpretation of Data
To describe the different ways of how people
behave
Importance of Statistics in Psychology
To explain the various causes of why certain
processes and behavior occurs
Importance of Statistics in Psychology
predict and determine how the organism will
behave in a certain situation
Importance of Statistics in Psychology
To control or change an organism’s behavior
and mental processes by learning how to modify
or alter undesirable behavior
Importance of Statistics in Psychology
Scientifically accomplish the goal of
Psychology, there is a strong need to undergo,
explore, and adopt the common practices of
scientist in coming up a conclusion based from
empirical studies
Relevance of Statistics in the field of Psychology
Psychological research is the cornerstone of the
field, an experimental research is very
important to provide better strategy of
treatment and better methods
Relevance of Statistics in the field of Psychology
Psychology needs to keep up with the fast
phasing and ever-changing lifestyle, literature,
entertainments, and environmental
development
Relevance of Statistics in the field of Psychology
Statistics enables the researcher to draw
general conclusions
Relevance of Statistics in the field of Psychology
“percentage”, 1 variable only
Descriptive Statistics
“relationship/ correlation”
“comparison” “cause and effect”
Inferential Statistics
Factors that can be manipulated and measured
(2) It is a characteristic or attribute of persons or
objects which assumes different values for
different objects under consideration
(3) Example:
o Age
o Gender
o Civil status
Research Variable
The process of determining the value of a
particular variable for a particular individual/object
on which the variable is measured
Measurement
Can assume finite or countable infinite
number of values
Usually measured by counting or enumeration
Example:
o Students
o Professors
o Counselors
o Children
Discrete Variable
Those that cannot be counted because of their
distinctive division
Considered as “Abstract variable”
Can assume values corresponding to a line of
interval
Example:
o Beauty
o Intelligence
o Cleanliness
Continuous Variable
Can give categorical responses
Example:
o Occupation
o Gender
o Religious affiliation
Qualitative
Takes on numerical values representing an
amount or quantity
Example:
o Height
o Salary
o Weight
Quantitative
A variable that the researcher controls or
manipulate in accordance with then purpose
of the investigation
Independent Variable
Variables that are measured based on the
effect of the independent variables.
“Outcome Variable”
Dependent Variable
One variable
Univariable
Two variables
Bivariable
Three or more variables
Multivariable
