Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Organic Chemistry > Basic Concepst Of OC ✅ > Flashcards

Basic Concepst Of OC ✅ Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a hydrocarbon

A

A compound containing carbon and hydrogen only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon

A

Saturated= has single bonds only

Unsaturated= contains carbon to carbon multiple bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a homologous series

A

A family of compounds with similar chemical properties whose successive members differ by addition of a CH2 group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do alkanes contain

A

Single carbon to carbon bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a functional group

A

Part of the organic molecule that is largely responsible for molecules chemical properties, can contain C,H,O,N and halogens

Definition= part of a molecule that is responsible for chemical reactivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does alcohol and amine functional groups contain

A

Alcohol=OH
Amine= NH2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Give 3 reasons why carbon forms a large number of compounds (3 marks)

A

Forms single, double and triple bonds to other C atoms
C can form chains of C atoms
C forms bonds to other atoms such as O, N and the halogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How can hydrocarbons be classified as

A

Aliphatic- C atoms joined to each other in unbranched (straight) or branches chains

Alicyclic- C atoms joined to each other in ring (cyclic) structures, with or without branches

Aromatic: some or all the C atoms are found in a benzene ring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is name of homologous series that contains a triple C-C bond

A

Alkynes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

List the 10 stem names

A

Meth
Eth
Prop
But
Pent
Hex
Hept
Oct
Non
Dec

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Functional group of alkenes and suffix

A

C=C, ene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Functional group of alcohols, prefix and suffix

A

-OH, hydroxy, ol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Function group of an aldehyde, suffix

A

-C=O, CHO, Al
|
H

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Functional group of a ketone, suffix

A

O
||
C-C-C, -C(CO)C-, -One

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Functional group of a carboxylic acid, suffix

A

-C=OH, COOH, -oic acid
|
OH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Functional group and prefix of haloalkane

A

-Cl -Br -I, Chloro, bromo, iodo

17
Q

What is molecular formula, give an example

A

Shows number and type of atoms each element present in a molecule
Eg ethanol is C2H6O

18
Q

What is the empirical formula, give an example

A

Simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound

glucose has MOLECULAR OF C6H12O6
EMPIRICAL IS CH2O

19
Q

What is the general formula, give an example for alkanes and alkenes

A

Simplest algebraic formula for any member of homologous series

Alkanes= CnH2n+2
Alkenes= CnH2n

20
Q

What is displaced formula, give an example

A

Shows relative positioning of all atoms in a molecule and then bonds between them
H H
| |
Eg H-C-C-H For ethene
| |
H H

21
Q

What is structural formula, give an example

A

Uses smallest amount of detail necessary to show arrangement of atoms in a molecule

Eg butane is CH3CH2CH2CH3

22
Q

What is skeletal formula, give an example

A

Simplified organic formula
|
Eg / \/\/ of 2-methylhexane

23
Q

What are structural isomers

A

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae

24
Q

What is homolytic fission

A

When a covalent bond breaks, each of the bonded atoms takes one of the shared pair of electrons from the bond

Definition= breaking of a covalent bond where each of the bonded atoms takes one electron from the bond to form radicals

25
Q

What is a radical

A

An atom or groups of atoms with an unpaired electron

Definition= a species with an unpaired electron

26
Q

What is heterolytic fission

A

When’s covalent bond breaks, one of the bonded atoms takes both of the electrons from the bond and becomes negative ion

Definition= breaking of a covalent bond where one of the bonding atoms takes both electrons from the bond to form ions

27
Q

What is an addition reaction

A

2 reactants join together to form one product

28
Q

What is a substitution reaction

A

An atom or group of atoms is replaced by a different atom or group of atoms

29
Q

What do curly arrows represent

A

Used to show movement of electron pairs when bonds are being broken or made

30
Q

What is an elimination reaction

A

Involves removal of a small molecule from a larger one

Organic Chemistry (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions