basic cell biology from cyto book Flashcards
match the cyclin with the kinase and the cell cycle
G0 : cyclin C + CDK3
G1: cyclin D and E + CDK2,4,&6
S: cyclin A and E + CDK2
G2: cyclin A + CDK2 & CDK1
M: cyclin B + CDK1
match CDK inhibitors to their binding
INK 4 binds to CDK4 and D type cyclins - regulate the g1 phase
CIP/KIP proteins bind to cdk/cyclin 1/B, 2/a, 2/E - regulate at any check point
extrinsic apoptosis
mediated by ligand binding on the cell surface receptors (FAS, TNF
activate caspase 8 and 10 by procaspase 9
then cleave and activate executioner caspase 3, 6, 7
intrinsic apoptosis
mitochondrial pathway
cell stress or damage to dna
mediated by p53 and then transcription of proapoptotic proteins. leading to increased mitochondrial permeability and leakage of cytochrome c. this binds to apaf1 forming the 7 spoke apoptosome and cleave procaspase 9 - caspase 9 to activate executionaer caspases 3,6,7
malignant transformation 5 steps
- mutagenic event
- leads to repair, apoptosis or failed repair
- failed repair leads to perpetuation of genomic defect in daughter cells
- progression = clonal expansion of mutated cell. premalignant
- promotion = acquisition of additional genetic mutations to support growth and survival
gate keeper tumor suppressor genes genes
control cell growth through cell cycle regulation and programed cell death
loss of function leads to cancer
care giver tumor suppressor genes
protect the genome through regulation of dna repair
loss of function leads to cancer
onco genes
code for normal cell machinery involved in cell growth and differentiation
gain of function mutations lead to cancer
- point mutation, gene amplification, chromosomal translocation, viral insertions
APC
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- tumor suppressor
- cell adhesion and signal transduction
- colorectal cancer
VHL
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- tumor suppressor
- transcriptional elongation regualtion
- schwannoma, meningioma, etc
PTEN
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- tumor suppressor
- phosphatase
- hamartoma, glioma, etc
RB1
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- tumor suppressor
- cell cycle control
- OSA others
TP53
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- tumor supressor
- cell cycle control, apoptosis
- sarcoma, leukemia, etc
NF1
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- Tumor supressor
- ras gap activity
- neurofibroma, sarcoma , etc
CDKN2A
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- tumor supressor
- cell cycle control
- melanoma, pancreatic cancer
WT1
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- tumor supressor
- transcription factor
- nephroblastoma
BRCA 1/2
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- tumor supressor
- DNA repair, cycle checkpoint control
- Breast and ovarian cancer
ATM
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- tumor supressor
- dna repair
- lymphoma
FANCA
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- tumor supressor
- dna rapair
- acute myeloid leukemia
MLH1
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- tumro supressor
- dna mismatch repair
- lymphoma, sarcoma
NER
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- tumor supressor
- nucleotide excision repair
- skin cancer
ALK
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- oncogene
- receptor tyrosine kinase
- lymphoma
BCL2
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- oncogene
- anti-apoptotic protein
- lymphoma leukemia
C-MYC
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- oncogene
- transcription
- leukemia, carcinoma, etc
EGFR
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- oncogene
- cell surface receptor
- SCC
GLI
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- oncogene
- transcription factor
- glioblastoma
KIT
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- oncogene
- receptor tyrosine kinase
- sarcoma gi stromal tumor mct
JUN
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- oncogene
- transcription factor
- sarcom
RAS
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- oncogene
- g protein signal transduction
- carcinoma
RET
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- oncogene
- receptor tyrosine kinase
- thryoid carcinoma, endocrine neoplasia
SIS
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- oncogene
- growth factor
- glioma, fibrosarcoma
SRC
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- oncogene
- tryosine kinase
- sarcoma
TRK
- what kind of gene
- what does it do
- what associated cancer
- oncogene
- receptor tyrosine kinase
- colon, thyroid cancer
