Basic Anatomy

Question 1

Bones that contribute to the orbit

Answer 1

Frontal
Ethmoid
Maxilla
Zygomatic
Sphenoid

Question 2

What bone contains the optic canal?

Answer 2

sphenoid

Question 3

What does the maxilla contain?

Answer 3

Infraorbital foramen

Question 4

apex of the bony orbit =

Answer 4

optic canal

Question 5

suspensory ligament of the eye attaches where?

Answer 5

The zygoma laterally

Question 6

A fractured zygoma may cause …

Answer 6

the eye to be lowered to the orbital floor and cause diplopia (double vision)

Question 7

Orbicularis Oculi two parts

Answer 7

Orbital (outside)

Palpebral (inner - closes eyes tight)

Question 8

eyelids

Answer 8

Superior + Inferior Tarsus

Question 9

tarsal glands location

Answer 9

embedded in tarsi, they secrete lipids to prevent sticking and lacrimal fluid from overspilling

Question 10

centre of eye

Answer 10

pupil

Question 11

surrounds pupil

Answer 11

iris

Question 12

covers iris

Answer 12

cornea

Question 13

borders iris and sclera

Answer 13

limbus

Question 14

white portion of eye

Answer 14

sclera

Question 15

acts as barrier for foreign bodies into the orbit

Answer 15

conjunctiva

Question 16

Innervation and location of lacrimal gland

Answer 16

Supero-lateral eye

CN VII

Question 17

lacrimal drainage

Answer 17

washes over eye > pushes towards medial angle > drains through lacrimal punctae > inferior meatus

Question 18

Fibrous layer

Answer 18

outer layer:
Sclera
Cornea

Question 19

Uvea layer

Answer 19

Vascular Layer (middle layer)
Iris
Ciliary Body
Choroid

Question 20

Retina

Answer 20

Photosensitive (inner layer)
Retina
Macula
Optic Disc

Question 21

Anterior segment contains

Answer 21

anterior and posterior chamber with aqueous humour

Question 22

Posterior segment location and contains:

Answer 22

behind lens (2/3s of eye)
contains vitreous humour

Question 23

aqueous humour purpose

Answer 23

provides nutrition to lens (since its avascular)

Question 24

vitreous humour description

Answer 24

sits in main body of eye, more like gel (comprised of water + collagen)

Question 25

raised intra-ocular pressure can cause

Answer 25

ischaemia of the retina and glaucoma

Question 26

Opthalmic artery

Answer 26

end artery (no anastomoses)
Goes through optic nerve

Question 27

Veins around eye

Answer 27

Superior and Inferior opthalmic vein

Question 28

blind spot =

Answer 28

optic disc (point of CNII formation, point of entry/exit for blood vessels)

Question 29

Fundus

Answer 29

posterior area where light is focused

Question 30

Macula

Answer 30

greatest density of cones

Question 31

Fovea

Answer 31

Centre of macula, area of most acute vision

Question 32

Retina Layers

Answer 32

Posterior > Anterior

• Photoreceptors
• Ganglion cells
• Axons of the ganglion cells
• retinal veins and arteries

Question 33

Interruption of flow in retinal artery branch =

Answer 33

loss of an area of visual field

Question 34

Interruption of flow of central artery =

Answer 34

monocular blindness

Question 35

Light from the right visual field for both eyes is processed in the …

Answer 35

left primary visual cortex

Question 36

Light from the lower visual field for both eyes is processed in the …

Answer 36

upper part of the primary visual cortex