Basic Anatomy Flashcards
Bones that contribute to the orbit
Frontal Ethmoid Maxilla Zygomatic Sphenoid
What bone contains the optic canal?
sphenoid
What does the maxilla contain?
Infraorbital foramen
apex of the bony orbit =
optic canal
suspensory ligament of the eye attaches where?
The zygoma laterally
A fractured zygoma may cause …
the eye to be lowered to the orbital floor and cause diplopia (double vision)
Orbicularis Oculi two parts
Orbital (outside)
Palpebral (inner - closes eyes tight)
eyelids
Superior + Inferior Tarsus
tarsal glands location
embedded in tarsi, they secrete lipids to prevent sticking and lacrimal fluid from overspilling
centre of eye
pupil
surrounds pupil
iris
covers iris
cornea
borders iris and sclera
limbus
white portion of eye
sclera
acts as barrier for foreign bodies into the orbit
conjunctiva
Innervation and location of lacrimal gland
Supero-lateral eye
CN VII
lacrimal drainage
washes over eye > pushes towards medial angle > drains through lacrimal punctae > inferior meatus
Fibrous layer
outer layer:
Sclera
Cornea
Uvea layer
Vascular Layer (middle layer)
Iris
Ciliary Body
Choroid
Retina
Photosensitive (inner layer)
Retina
Macula
Optic Disc
Anterior segment contains
anterior and posterior chamber with aqueous humour
Posterior segment location and contains:
behind lens (2/3s of eye) contains vitreous humour
aqueous humour purpose
provides nutrition to lens (since its avascular)
vitreous humour description
sits in main body of eye, more like gel (comprised of water + collagen)
raised intra-ocular pressure can cause
ischaemia of the retina and glaucoma
Opthalmic artery
end artery (no anastomoses) Goes through optic nerve
Veins around eye
Superior and Inferior opthalmic vein
blind spot =
optic disc (point of CNII formation, point of entry/exit for blood vessels)
Fundus
posterior area where light is focused
Macula
greatest density of cones
Fovea
Centre of macula, area of most acute vision
Retina Layers
Posterior > Anterior
- Photoreceptors
- Ganglion cells
- Axons of the ganglion cells
- retinal veins and arteries
Interruption of flow in retinal artery branch =
loss of an area of visual field
Interruption of flow of central artery =
monocular blindness
Light from the right visual field for both eyes is processed in the …
left primary visual cortex
Light from the lower visual field for both eyes is processed in the …
upper part of the primary visual cortex
