Basal Ganglia

Question 1

Basal Ganglia/ Basal Nuclei derived from

Answer 1

Telencephalon

Question 2

Structural component of Basal Ganglia is

Answer 2

Corpus Striatum

Question 3

Corpus Striatum otherwise know as

Answer 3

Wilson’s pencils

Question 4

Functional components of Basal Ganglia

Answer 4

Subthalamus ~ derived from Diencephalon

Substantia niagra ~ derided from Mesencephalon

Question 5

Corpus Striatum is divided into

Answer 5

Caudate nucleus and Lentiform nucleus

Question 6

Lentiform nucleus is divided into

Answer 6

Putamen and Globus pallidus

Question 7

Structure dividing Lentiform nucleus into Putamen and Globus pallidus

Answer 7

External medullary lamina

Question 8

Globus pallidus is divided into ______ and ______

By ___________

Answer 8

Globus pallidus is divided into Externa and Interna

By Internal Medullary Lamina

Question 9

Caudate nucleus and Putamen collectively known as

Answer 9

Neostriatum

Question 10

Globus pallidus is known as

Answer 10

Paleo Striarum

Question 11

Fornix connects

Answer 11

Is Association Fibre which connects Hippocampus To Mammillary Body

Question 12

What type of fibre is Internal Capsule

Answer 12

Is Projection Fibre

Question 13

Projection Fibres connects

Answer 13

Cortical structures to Subcortical Structures

Question 14

Relation of Intenal Capsule;

Medially -

Laterally -

Answer 14

Medially - Caudate Nucleus and Thalamus

Laterally - Lentiform Nucleus

Question 15

White mater between Claustrum and Lentiform Nucleus is

Answer 15

External Capsule

Question 16

Extreme Capsule is Present between

Answer 16

Insular Cortex and Claustrum

Question 17

Sequential arrangement of structures from Lateral to Medial;

Lateral most -

—

— Claustrum

—

— Lentiform Nucleus

—

— Caudate and Thalamus

— medial most

Answer 17

Lateral most - Insula

— Extreme Capsule

— Claustrum

— External Capsule

— Lentiform Nucleus

— Internal Capsule

— Caudate and Thalamus

Medial most - 3rd ventricle

Question 18

Insular cortex is situated in the

Answer 18

Floor of the Lateral Sulcus

Question 19

White mater present between Insular Cortex and Claustrum

Answer 19

Extreme Capsule

Question 20

White mater present between Lentiform Nucleus and Claustrum

Answer 20

External Capsule

Question 21

Function of Basal Ganglia

Answer 21

Planning and Programming of Movement

Question 22

Input to the Neostriatum is given by

Answer 22

Cerebrum
Thalamus
Substantia niagra

Question 23

Neostriatum gives fibres to

Answer 23

Globus pallidus and Substantia niagra

Question 24

Thalamus receives fibres from

Answer 24

Globus pallidus and Substantia niagra

Question 25

Output of Basal Ganglia is carried by

Answer 25

Globus pallidus internus and Pars reticularis of Substantia niagra

Question 26

Globus pallidus internus is homologous to

Answer 26

Pars reticularis of Substantia niagra

Question 27

Direct pathway _________ the movement Indirect pathway _________ the movement

Answer 27

Direct pathway ~ Stimulate the movement Indirect pathway ~ Inhibit the movement

Question 28

Neostriatum and Globus pallidus secretes

Answer 28

GABA ~ inhibitory NT

Question 29

Direct pathway Cerebrum → 2 → 3 → 4 → Cerebreum

Answer 29

Cerebrum → Neostriatum → GP Internus → Thalamus → Cerebrum

Question 30

Indirect Pathway Cerebrum → Neostriatum → 3 → 4 → 5 → 6 → Cerebrum

Answer 30

Cerebrum → Neostriatum → GPExternus → Subthalamus → GPInternus → Thalamus → Cerebrum

Question 31

Substantia niagra acting on Neostriatum by which receptors

Answer 31

D1 and D2 Receptors

Question 32

D1 Receptor acts on __________ Pathway

Answer 32

Direct pathway

Question 33

D2 receptors act on _________ pathway

Answer 33

Indirect pathway

Question 34

Putamen secrets Acetylcholine True/False

Answer 34

True

Question 35

Substantia niagra secretes Melanin for

Answer 35

Dopamine synthesis

Question 36

Dopamine and Acetylcholine are ___________ to each other.

Answer 36

Antagonist

Question 37

The Other name for Parkinson’s disease

Answer 37

Paralysis agitans

Question 38

Cardinal features of Parkinson’s disease

Answer 38

T - Tremors (resting) R - Rigidly H - Hypokinesia ``` Other features; S - Shuffling gait M - Mask like face A - Akinesia R - Rigidity T - Tremor ```

Question 39

Hemiballismus is due to lesion in the

Answer 39

Lesion in the Subthalamus

Question 40

What is hemiballismus

Answer 40

It is sudden violent movement of extremities (in upper and lower limb) Movements are seen Contralateral to the side of the lesion

Question 41

Lesion of Globus pallidus leads to

Answer 41

Athetosis

Question 42

What is Athetosis

Answer 42

Involuntary movement of Fingers, Hand, Toes, Foot Involuntary movement like writhing movement

Question 43

What is chorea

Answer 43

Dance like Involuntary movement Entire body will be moving

Question 44

Types of Chorea

Answer 44

Huntington’s Chorea Sydenham’s Chorea Chorea Gravidorum

Question 45

Huntington’s Chorea is due to

Answer 45

Striatum lesions

Question 46

Sydenham’s Chorea is due to

Answer 46

Streptococcal infection

Question 47

Chorea Gravidorum is seen in

Answer 47

Pregnancy

Question 48

Copper metabolic disorder is

Answer 48

Wilson’s disease

Question 49

In Wilson’s disease copper deposited in

Answer 49

Liver Lentiform nucleus ~ Brain Cornea And other organs

Question 50

Copper deposition Lentiform Nucleus leads to

Answer 50

Wing beat tremors

Question 51

Ocular manifestation of Wilson’s disease

Answer 51

1. KF Ring ~ Kayser-Fleischer ring Due to Cu deposition on Descement’s membrane 2. Sunflower Cataract