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Neuroanatomy > Basal Ganglia > Flashcards

Basal Ganglia Flashcards

1
Q

Basal Ganglia/ Basal Nuclei derived from

A

Telencephalon

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2
Q

Structural component of Basal Ganglia is

A

Corpus Striatum

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3
Q

Corpus Striatum otherwise know as

A

Wilson’s pencils

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4
Q

Functional components of Basal Ganglia

A

Subthalamus ~ derived from Diencephalon

Substantia niagra ~ derided from Mesencephalon

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5
Q

Corpus Striatum is divided into

A

Caudate nucleus and Lentiform nucleus

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6
Q

Lentiform nucleus is divided into

A

Putamen and Globus pallidus

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7
Q

Structure dividing Lentiform nucleus into Putamen and Globus pallidus

A

External medullary lamina

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8
Q

Globus pallidus is divided into ______ and ______

By ___________

A

Globus pallidus is divided into Externa and Interna

By Internal Medullary Lamina

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9
Q

Caudate nucleus and Putamen collectively known as

A

Neostriatum

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10
Q

Globus pallidus is known as

A

Paleo Striarum

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11
Q

Fornix connects

A

Is Association Fibre which connects Hippocampus To Mammillary Body

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12
Q

What type of fibre is Internal Capsule

A

Is Projection Fibre

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13
Q

Projection Fibres connects

A

Cortical structures to Subcortical Structures

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14
Q

Relation of Intenal Capsule;

Medially -

Laterally -

A

Medially - Caudate Nucleus and Thalamus

Laterally - Lentiform Nucleus

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15
Q

White mater between Claustrum and Lentiform Nucleus is

A

External Capsule

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16
Q

Extreme Capsule is Present between

A

Insular Cortex and Claustrum

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17
Q

Sequential arrangement of structures from Lateral to Medial;

Lateral most -

—

— Claustrum

—

— Lentiform Nucleus

—

— Caudate and Thalamus

— medial most

A

Lateral most - Insula

— Extreme Capsule

— Claustrum

— External Capsule

— Lentiform Nucleus

— Internal Capsule

— Caudate and Thalamus

Medial most - 3rd ventricle

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18
Q

Insular cortex is situated in the

A

Floor of the Lateral Sulcus

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19
Q

White mater present between Insular Cortex and Claustrum

A

Extreme Capsule

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20
Q

White mater present between Lentiform Nucleus and Claustrum

A

External Capsule

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21
Q

Function of Basal Ganglia

A

Planning and Programming of Movement

22
Q

Input to the Neostriatum is given by

A

Cerebrum
Thalamus
Substantia niagra

23
Q

Neostriatum gives fibres to

A

Globus pallidus and Substantia niagra

24
Q

Thalamus receives fibres from

A

Globus pallidus and Substantia niagra

25
Q

Output of Basal Ganglia is carried by

A

Globus pallidus internus and

Pars reticularis of Substantia niagra

26
Q

Globus pallidus internus is homologous to

A

Pars reticularis of Substantia niagra

27
Q

Direct pathway _________ the movement

Indirect pathway _________ the movement

A

Direct pathway ~ Stimulate the movement

Indirect pathway ~ Inhibit the movement

28
Q

Neostriatum and Globus pallidus secretes

A

GABA ~ inhibitory NT

29
Q

Direct pathway

Cerebrum → 2 → 3 → 4 → Cerebreum

A

Cerebrum → Neostriatum →

GP Internus →

Thalamus → Cerebrum

30
Q

Indirect Pathway

Cerebrum → Neostriatum → 3 → 4 → 5 → 6 → Cerebrum

A

Cerebrum → Neostriatum →

GPExternus → Subthalamus →

GPInternus → Thalamus → Cerebrum

31
Q

Substantia niagra acting on Neostriatum by which receptors

A

D1 and D2 Receptors

32
Q

D1 Receptor acts on __________ Pathway

A

Direct pathway

33
Q

D2 receptors act on _________ pathway

A

Indirect pathway

34
Q

Putamen secrets Acetylcholine

True/False

A

True

35
Q

Substantia niagra secretes Melanin for

A

Dopamine synthesis

36
Q

Dopamine and Acetylcholine are ___________ to each other.

A

Antagonist

37
Q

The Other name for Parkinson’s disease

A

Paralysis agitans

38
Q

Cardinal features of Parkinson’s disease

A

T - Tremors (resting)
R - Rigidly
H - Hypokinesia

Other features;
S - Shuffling gait
M - Mask like face
A - Akinesia
R - Rigidity 
T - Tremor
39
Q

Hemiballismus is due to lesion in the

A

Lesion in the Subthalamus

40
Q

What is hemiballismus

A

It is sudden violent movement of extremities (in upper and lower limb)

Movements are seen Contralateral to the side of the lesion

41
Q

Lesion of Globus pallidus leads to

A

Athetosis

42
Q

What is Athetosis

A

Involuntary movement of Fingers, Hand, Toes, Foot

Involuntary movement like writhing movement

43
Q

What is chorea

A

Dance like Involuntary movement

Entire body will be moving

44
Q

Types of Chorea

A

Huntington’s Chorea

Sydenham’s Chorea

Chorea Gravidorum

45
Q

Huntington’s Chorea is due to

A

Striatum lesions

46
Q

Sydenham’s Chorea is due to

A

Streptococcal infection

47
Q

Chorea Gravidorum is seen in

A

Pregnancy

48
Q

Copper metabolic disorder is

A

Wilson’s disease

49
Q

In Wilson’s disease copper deposited in

A

Liver

Lentiform nucleus ~ Brain

Cornea

And other organs

50
Q

Copper deposition Lentiform Nucleus leads to

A

Wing beat tremors

51
Q

Ocular manifestation of Wilson’s disease

A
  1. KF Ring ~ Kayser-Fleischer ring

Due to Cu deposition on Descement’s membrane

  1. Sunflower Cataract

Neuroanatomy (9 decks)

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