basal ganglia Flashcards
what does the basal ganglia consist of?
number of subcortical nuclei
grouping of these nuclei related to function rather than anatomy
what is the general function of the basal ganglia?
acts to modulate and refine cortical activity
what can the components be divided into?
- input nuclei
- output nuclei
- intrinsic nuclei
input nuclei receive info which is then relayed to intrinsic nuclei for processing and then passed to output nuclei
name the input nuceli
cudate nucleus and putamen (neostriatum)
name the intrinsic nuclei
- external globus pallidus
- subthalamic nucleus
- pars compacta of substantia nigra
name the output nuclei
- internal globus pallidus
- pars reticulata of substantia nigra
what happens at the most rostral aspect of the neostratum? what is it called?
caudate nucleus and putamen join together
termed nucleus accumbens
what is the globus pallidus divided in to?
- external (GPe)
- internal (GPi)
- functionally different
where does the subthalamic nucleus lie?
diencephalon
in the mesencephalon, what happens to the substantia nigra?
divided into:
- pars compacta (SNc)
- pars reticularis (SNr)
what is the caudate nucleus?
collection of gray matter on wall of lateral ventricles
during development, what separates the caudate nucleus from putamen?
descending white matter fibres
at this level known as internal capsule
what is the lentiform nucleus comprised of?
- globus pallidus
- putamen
what lies on the inner surface of the putamen?
most exterior of globus pallidus
what is the most internal structure of the putamen?
GPi
