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Citow - Anatomy > Basal Ganglia > Flashcards

Basal Ganglia Flashcards

1
Q

What is the neostriatum or striatum?

A

caudate and putamen

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2
Q

What is the paleostriatum?

A

globus palidus

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3
Q

What is the corpus striatum?

A

Neostriatum and paleostriatum

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4
Q

What is archistriatum?

A

amygdala

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5
Q

What is the lentiform nuclei?

A

Putamen and globus palidus

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6
Q

What are the subcomponents of the caudate?

A

Head, Body, Tail, Nucleus accumbens

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7
Q

What is contiguous with the head of the caudate?

A

anterior perforated substance

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8
Q

The tail of the caudate forms the roof of the _____.

A

temporal horn

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9
Q

What are the five main inputs into the striatum? What are the three main outputs?

A
  1. Corticostriate fibers (most important)
  2. Amygdalostriate fibers
  3. Thalamostriate fibers
  4. Niagrostriatal
  5. Raphe Nucleus
  6. Striatonigral
  7. Striatopallidal
  8. Nigorthalamic
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10
Q

The Lateral Medullary Lamina separates the _______ and ______.

A

putamen; GP

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11
Q

The Medial Medullary Lamina separates the _______ and ______.

A

Medial and lateral GP

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12
Q

The Accessory Medullary Lamina separates the _______ and ______.

A

inner and out segments of medial GP

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13
Q

Huntington’s disease involves decrease in what neurotransmitters in what locations?

A

substance P and enkephalin in GP and SN

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14
Q

What is the main output tract of the globus palidus?

A

Ansa lenticularis

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15
Q

A lesion to the subthalamus causes what clinical presentation?

A

contralateral hemiballisumus

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16
Q

What composes the basal ganglia?

A

corpus striatum, amygdala, subthalamic nuclei, substantia niagra

17
Q

What is the zona incerta?

A

gray matter between the thalamic and lenticular fasciculi

18
Q

What is the overall output of the corpus straitum?

A

inhibitory to MGP and SNpr that inhibits the thalamic output to the premotor and supplementary motor cortex, but not to area 4

19
Q

What is the putamen circuit?

A

involved in discrete motor movements:

Fibers from motor and somatosensory cortex → putamen → GP → thalamus → supplementary motor cortex.

20
Q

What is the caudate circuit?

A

involved with cognitive function

Fibers from cortical association areas → caudate → GP → thalamus → supplementary motor cortex

Citow - Anatomy (16 decks)

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