Basal Ganglia

Question 1

Functions

Answer 1

to suppress unwanted cortical activity

to facilitate wanted cortical activity

Question 2

Pathologies

Answer 2

inability to suppress unwanted motor activity (chorea, myclonus, athetosis), inability to initiate movement (akinesia), rigidity (hypertonia NOT velocity dependent), tremors (resting)

Question 3

What makes up the striatum ?

Answer 3

caudate nucleus and putamen nucleus

Question 4

What are the mescencephalic portions of the basal ganglia?

Answer 4

substantial nigra (pars compacta and pars reticulata)

Question 5

Bounded medially to the ventricles and laterally to the internal capsule

Answer 5

caudate nucleus

Question 6

Lies lateral to the internal capsule, flattended lens-shaped nucleus, lateral to it is the external capsule

Answer 6

putamen

Question 7

Out of the caudate and putamen, which receives input from the motor cortex and which receives input from the non-motor areas of the cortex

Answer 7

Caudate: non-motor
Putamen: motor

Question 8

made up of the pars interna and the pars externa

Answer 8

globus pallidus

Question 9

major effect nucleus of globus pallidus

Answer 9

pars interna

Question 10

internal relay nucleus of globus pallidus

Answer 10

pars externa

Question 11

sends input to the subthalamic nucleus

Answer 11

pars externa

Question 12

receives input from the subthalamic nucleus

Answer 12

pars interna