Barrons 3500 C Flashcards
1
Q
doodle
A
V. /涂鸦；浪费时间/scribble or draw aimlessly; waste time. Art’s teachers scolded him when he doodled all over the margins of his papers.
2
Q
dormant
A
ADJ. /睡着的；隐匿的/sleeping; lethargic; latent. At fifty her long?dormant ambition to write flared up once more; within a year she had completed the first of her great historical novels.
3
Q
dormer
A
N. /天窗/window projecting from roof. In remodeling the attic into a bedroom, we decided that we needed to put in dormers to provide sufficient ventilation for the new room.
4
Q
dossier
A
N. /档案，资料/file of documents on a subject. Ordered by J. Edgar Hoover to investigate the senator, the FBI compiled a complete dossieron him.
5
Q
dote
A
V. /昏聩；溺爱/be excessively fond of; show signs of mental decline. Not only grandmothers bore you with stories about their brilliant grandchildren; grandfathers dote on the little rascals, too. Poor old Alf clearly doted: the senile old dotard was past it; in fact, he was in his dotage.
6
Q
douse
A
V. /浸泡；弄湿；弄灭/plunge into water; drench; extinguish. They doused each other with hoses and water balloons.
7
Q
dowdy
A
ADJ. /邋遢的；衣衫不整/slovenly; untidy. She tried to change her dowdy image by buying a new fashionable wardrobe.
8
Q
downcast
A
ADJ. /沮丧/disheartened; sad. Cheerful and optimistic by nature, Beth was never downcast despite the difficulties she faced.
9
Q
drab
A
ADJ. /迟钝的；单调的/dull; lacking color; cheerless. The Dutch woman’s drab winter coat contrasted with the distinctive, colorful native costume she wore beneath it.
10
Q
draconian
A
ADJ. /极其严重/extremely severe. When the principal can?celed the senior prom because some seniors had been late to school that week, we thought the draconian punish?ment was far too harsh for such a minor violation of the rules.
11
Q
dregs
A
N. /沉淀物；残渣/sediment; worthless residue. David poured the wine carefully to avoid stirring up the dregs.
12
Q
drivel
A
N. /胡言乱语；愚蠢/nonsense; foolishness. Why do I have to spend my days listening to such idiotic drivel? Drivel is related to dribble: think of a dribbling, driveling idiot.
13
Q
droll
A
ADJ. /滑稽可笑；离奇古怪，怪里怪气/queer and amusing. He was a popular guest because his droll anecdotes were always entertaining.
14
Q
drone
A
N. /闲人；雄蜂/idle person; male bee. Content to let his wife support him, the would-be writer was in reality nothing but a drone.
15
Q
drone
A
V. /嗡嗡声；语气呆板的声音/talk dully; buzz or murmur like a bee. On a gor?geous day, who wants to be stuck in a classroom listening to the teacher drone ?
16
Q
dross
A
N. /渣滓，废物/waste matter; worthless impurities. Many meth?ods have been devised to separate the valuable metal from the dross.
17
Q
drudgery
A
N. /苦差事，苦工/menial work. Cinderella’s fairy godmother res?cued her from a life of drudgery.
18
Q
dubious
A
ADJ. /可疑的/questionable; filled with doubt. Many critics of SAT I contend the test is of dubious worth. Jay claimed he could get a perfect 1600 on SAT I, but Ellen was dubi?ous: she knew he hadn’t cracked a book in three years.
19
Q
ductile
A
ADJ. /柔软的，有韧性/malleable; flexible; pliable. Copper is an extremely ductile material: you can stretch it into the thinnest of wires, bend it, even wind it into loops.
20
Q
dulcet
A
ADJ. /甜美的（声音）/sweet sounding. The dulcet sounds of the birds at dawn were soon drowned out by the roar of traffic passing our motel.
21
Q
dumbfound
A
V. /使人惊讶/astonish. Egbert’s perfect 1600 on his SAT I exam dumbfounded his classmates, who had always found him to be perfectly dumb.
22
Q
dupe
A
N. /易被开涮的人/someone easily fooled. While the gullible Watson often was made a dupe by unscrupulous parties, Sherlock Holmes was far more difficult to fool. alsoV.
23
Q
duplicity
A
N. /奸诈，狡猾；伪善；两面三刀，两面派/double-dealing; hypocrisy. When Tanya learned that Mark had been two-timing her, she was furious at his duplicity.
24
Q
duration
A
N. /持续时间/length of time something lasts. Because she wanted the children to make a good impression on the din?ner guests, Mother promised them a treat if they’d behave for the duration of the meal.
25
duress
N. /（非法的）限制，关押/forcible restraint, especially unlawfully. The hostages were held under duress until the prisoners' demands were met.
26
dutiful
ADJ. /恭敬的；尊重的/respectful; obedient. When Mother told Billy to kiss Great-Aunt Hattie, the boy obediently gave the old woman a dutiful peck on her cheek.
27
dwarf
V. /使看上去矮小/cause to seem small. The giant redwoods and high cliffs dwarfed the elegant Ahwahnee Hotel, making it appear a modest lodge rather than an imposing hostelry.
28
dwindle
V. /缩水；减少/shrink; reduce. The food in the life boat gradu?ally dwindled away to nothing; in the end, they ate the ship's cook.
29
dynamic
ADJ. /充满活力的/energetic; vigorously active. The dynamic aerobics instructor kept her students on the run; she was a little dynamo.
30
earthy
ADJ. /粗糙的；未加工的/unrefined; coarse. His earthy remarks often embarrassed the women in his audience.
31
ebb
V. /衰退/recede; lessen. Sitting on the beach, Mrs. Dalloway watched the tide ebb: the waters receded, drawing away from her as she sat there all alone. also N.
32
ebullient
ADJ. /热情的，激动的/showing excitement; overflowing with enthu?siasm. Amy's ebullient nature could not be repressed; she' was always bubbling over with excitement. ebullience, N.
33
eccentric
ADJ. /古怪的，奇怪的/irregular; odd; whimsical; bizarre. The comet veered dangerously close to the earth in its eccentric orbit. People came up with some eccentric ideas for deal?ing with the emergency: someone even suggested tieing a knot in the comet's tail!
34
eccentricity
N. /怪僻，古怪；特性/oddity; idiosyncrasy. Some of his friends tried to account for his rudeness to strangers as the eccen?tricity of genius.
35
ecclesiastic
ADJ. /神职的/pertaining to the church. The minister donned his ecclesiastic garb and walked to the pulpit. also N.
36
eclectic
ADJ. /折衷的/composed of elements drawn from dis?parate sources. His style of interior decoration was eclec?tic: bits and pieces of furnishings from widely divergent periods, strikingly juxtaposed to create a unique decor. eclecticism, N.
37
eclipse
V. /超越；衰落；失色/darken; extinguish; surpass. The new stock market high eclipsed the previous record set in 1995.
38
ecologist
N. /生态学家/a person concerned with the interrelationship between living organisms and their environment. The ecolo?gist was concerned that the new dam would upset the nat?ural balance of the creatures living in Glen Canyon.
39
economy
N. /俭省节约的，经济的/efficiency or conciseness in using something. Reading the epigrams of Pope, I admire the economy of his verse: in few words he conveys worlds of meaning. (sec?ondary meaning)
40
ecstasy
N. /全神贯注，入迷，高兴/rapture; joy; any overpowering emotion. When Allison received her long-hoped-for letter of acceptance from Harvard, she was in ecstasy. ecstatic,ADJ.
41
eddy
N. /漩涡/swirling current of water, air, etc. The water in the tide pool was still, except for an occasional eddy.
42
edict
N. /法令，号令；布告/decree (especially issued by a sovereign); official command. The emperor issued an edict decreeing that everyone should come see him model his magnificent new clothes.
43
edify
V. /教导；启迪，陶冶/instruct; correct morally. Although his purpose was to edify and not to entertain his audience, many of his listeners were amused rather than enlightened.
44
eerie
ADJ. /怪异的/weird. In that eerie setting, it was easy to believe in ghosts and other supernatural beings.
45
efface
V. /抹掉/rub out. The coin had been handled so many times that its date had been effaced.
46
effectual
ADJ. /有效的/able to produce a desired effect; valid. Medical researchers are concerned because of the devel?opment of drug-resistant strains of bacteria; many once useful antibiotics are no longer effectual in curing bacterial infections.
47
effervescence
N. /泡腾，沸腾；兴奋，活泼/inner excitement or exuberance; bub?bling from fermentation or carbonation. Nothing depressed Sue for long; her natural effervescence soon reasserted itself. Soda that loses its effervescence goes flat. efferves?cent, ADJ. effervesce,V.
48
efficacy
N. /功效/power to produce desired effect. The efficacy of this drug depends on the regularity of the dosage. effica?cious,ADJ.
49
effigy
N. /假人（被人憎恨的，如秦桧）/dummy. The mob showed its irritation by hanging the judge in effigy.
50
effrontery
N. /厚颜无耻/shameless boldness. She had the effrontery to insult the guest.
51
effusive
ADJ. /激情澎湃的/pouring forth; gushing. Her effusive manner of greeting her friends finally began to irritate them. effu?sion, N.
52
egoism
N. /自我中心，利己主义/excessive interest in one's self; belief that one should be interested in one's self rather than in others. His egoism prevented him from seeing the needs of his col?leagues.
53
egotistical
ADJ. /极度自我中心；自以为是，逞能/excessively self-centered; self-important; conceited. Typical egotistical remark: "But enough of this chit-chat about you and your little problems. Let's talk about what's really important: Me!"
54
egregious
ADJ. /及其令人痛恨的，声名狼藉；令人吃惊的/notorious; conspicuously bad or shocking. She was an egregious liar; we all knew better than to believe a word she said. Ed's housekeeping was egregious: he let his dirty dishes pile up so long that they were stuck together with last week's food.
55
egress
N. /出口/exit. Barnum's sign "To the Egress" fooled many people who thought they were going to see an animal and instead found themselves in the street.
56
ejaculation
N. /迸出；惊叹/exclamation. He could not repress an ejacu?lation of surprise when he heard the news.
57
elaboration
N. /细节；复杂/addition of details; intricacy. Tell what hap?pened simply, without any elaboration. elaborate,V.
58
elated
ADJ. /过分高兴的；兴高采烈/overjoyed; in high spirits. Grinning from ear to ear, Bonnie Blair was clearly elated by her fifth Olympic gold medal. elation, N.
59
elegy
N. /挽歌，悲歌/poem or song expressing lamentation. On the death of Edward King, Milton composed the elegy "Lyci?das." elegiacal,ADJ.
60
elicit
V. /得出/draw out by discussion. The detectives tried to elicit where he had hidden his loot.
61
elixir
N. /包治百病，万能药/cure-all; something invigorating. The news of her chance to go abroad acted on her like an elixir.
62
ellipsis
N. /省略/omission of words from a text. Sometimes an ellipsis can lead to a dangling modifier, as in the sentence "Once dressed, you should refrigerate the potato salad."
63
elliptical
ADJ. /椭圆的；有意模棱两可的/oval; ambiguous, either purposely or because key words have been left out. An elliptical billiard ball wobbles because it is not perfectly round; an elliptical remark baffles because it is not perfectly clear.
64
eloquence
N. /雄辩；修辞/expressiveness; persuasive speech. The crowds were stirred by Martin Luther King's eloquence. elo?quent,ADJ.
65
elucidate
V. /解释；启迪/explain; enlighten. He was called upon to elu?cidate the disputed points in his article.
66
elusive
ADJ. /难懂的，难捉摸的；令人困惑的/evasive; baffling; hard to grasp. Trying to pin down exactly when the contractors would be finished remodeling the house, Nancy was frustrated by their elusive replies. elude,V.
67
emaciated
ADJ. /瘦弱的，脆弱的/thin and wasted. His long period of starva?tion had left him emaciated.
68
emanate
V. /散发，发出/issue forth. A strong odor of sulphur emanated from the spring.
69
emancipate
V. /释放，解放/set free. At first, the attempts of the Aboli?tionists to emancipate the slaves were unpopular in New England as well as in the South.
70
embargo
N. /禁运/ban on commerce or other activity. As a result of the embargo, trade with the colonies was at a standstill.
71
embark
V. /开始旅程，开始，登机，上船，上车/commence; go on board a boat or airplane; begin a journey. In devoting herself to the study of gorillas, Dian Fossey embarked on a course of action that was to cost her her life.
72
embed
V. /封装，嵌入，插入/enclose; place in something. Tales of actual his?torical figures like King Alfred have become embedded in legends.
73
embellish
V. /装饰/adorn; ornament. The costume designer embellished the leading lady's ball gown with yards and yards of ribbon and lace.
74
embezzlement
N. /偷窃，侵占/stealing. The bank teller confessed his embezzlement of the funds.
75
embody
V. /具体化；包含，收录/personify; make concrete; incorporate. Cheer?ing on his rival Mark McGwire's efforts to break Roger Maris's home run record, Sammy Sosa embodied the spirit of true sportsmanship.
76
embrace
V. /拥抱；接受，包含/hug; adopt or espouse; accept readily; encir?cle; include. Clasping Maid Marian in his arms, Robin Hood embraced her lovingly. In joining the outlaws in Sherwood Forest, she had openly embraced their cause.
77
embroider
V. /镶边，绣花；添油加醋/decorate with needlework; ornament with fancy or fictitious details. For her mother's birthday, Beth embroidered a lovely design on a handkerchief. When asked what made her late getting home, Jo embroidered her account with tales of runaway horses and rescuing peo?ple from a ditch. embroidery, N.
78
embroil
V. /连累，牵连；使其混乱，麻烦缠身/throw into confusion; involve in strife; entangle. He became embroiled in the heated discussion when he tried to arbitrate the dispute.
79
embryonic
ADJ. /胚胎的；未开发的，原始的/undeveloped; rudimentary. The evil of class and race hatred must be eliminated while it is still in an embry?onic state; otherwise, it may grow to dangerous proportions. emend V. correct; correct by a critic. The critic emended the book by selecting the passages which he thought most appropriate to the text.
80
emendation
N. /改进；修订/correction of errors; improvement. Please initial all the emendations you have made in this contract.
81
eminent
ADJ. /高的/high; lofty. After his appointment to this emi?nent position, he seldom had time for his former friends.
82
emissary
N. /代理；信使，使者/agent; messenger. The secretary of state was sent as the president's special emissary to the conference on disarmament.
83
emollient
N. /缓和，安抚/soothing or softening remedy. The nurse applied an emollientto the inflamed area. alsoADJ.
84
empathy
N. /移情作用，心入/ability to identify with another's feelings, ideas, etc. What made Ann such a fine counselor was her empa?thy, her ability to put herself in her client's place and feel his emotions as if they were her own. empathize,V.
85
empirical
ADJ. /经验主义/based on experience. He distrusted hunches and intuitive flashes; he placed his reliance entirely on empirical data.
86
emulate
V. /仿效；抗衡/imitate; rival. In a brief essay, describe a person you admire, someone whose virtues you would like to emulate.
87
enamored
ADJ. /爱情的；坠入爱河的/in love. Narcissus became enamored of his own beauty.
88
encipher
V. /编码/encode; convert a message into code. One of Bond's first lessons was how to encipher the messages he sent to Miss Moneypenny so that none of his other lady friends could decipher them.
89
enclave
N. /飞地/territory enclosed within an alien land. The Vati?can is an independent enclave in Italy.
90
encomium
N. /赞美之词/high praise; eulogy. Uneasy with the encomiums expressed by his supporters, Tolkien felt unworthy of such high praise.
91
encompass
V. /包围/surround. Although we were encompassed by enemy forces, we were cheerful for we were well stocked and could withstand a siege until our allies joined us.
92
encroachment
N. /侵蚀；"和平演变"/gradual intrusion. The encroachment of the factories upon the neighborhood lowered the value of the real estate.
93
encumber
V. /拖累，负担/burden. Some people encumber themselves with too much luggage when they take short trips.
94
endearment
N. /爱慕；爱的表示/fond statement. Your gifts and endear?ments cannot make me forget your earlier insolence.
95
endemic
ADJ. /地方的；小范围内流行/prevailing among a specific group of people or in a specific area or country. This disease is endemic in this part of the world; more than 80 percent of the popula?tion are at one time or another affected by it.
96
endorse
V. /认可，默许；支持/approve; support. Everyone waited to see which one of the rival candidates for the city council the mayor would endorse. (secondary meaning) endorsement, N.
97
enduring
ADJ. /持久的；不朽的/lasting; surviving. Keats believed in the enduring power of great art, which would outlast its cre?ators' brief lives.
98
energize
V. /鼓舞/invigorate; make forceful and active. Rather than exhausting Maggie, dancing energized her.
99
enervate
V. /使变弱/weaken. She was slow to recover from her ill?ness; even a short walk to the window would enervate her.
100
enfranchise
V. /赋予公民权（投票权）/to admit to the rights of citizenship (espe?cially the right to vote). Although Blacks were enfranchised shortly after the Civil War, women did not receive the right to vote until 1920.
101
engage
V. /吸引；雇佣；答应；结合；订婚/attract; hire; pledge oneself; confront. "Your case has engaged my interest, my lord," said Holmes. "You may engage my services."
102
engaging
ADJ. /有魅力的，有吸引力的/charming; attractive. Everyone liked Nancy's pleasant manners and engaging personality.
103
engender
V. /产生，导致/cause; produce. To receive praise for real accomplishments engenders self-confidence in a child.
104
engross
V. /独占/occupy fully. John was so engrossed in his studies that he did not hear his mother call.
105
enhance
V. /增加；改进/increase; improve. You can enhance your chances of being admitted to the college of your choice by learning to write well; an excellent essay can enhance any application.
106
enigma
N. /谜/puzzle; mystery. "What do women want?" asked Dr. Sigmund Freud. Their behavior was an enigma to him.
107
enigmatic
ADJ. /朦胧的；谜一样的/obscure; puzzling. Many have sought to fathom the enigmatic smile of the Mona Lisa.
108
enmity
N. /憎恨；仇恨/ill will; hatred. At Camp David, President Carter labored to bring an end to the enmity that prevented the peaceful coexistence of Egypt and Israel.
109
ennui
N. /厌倦/boredom. The monotonous routine of hospital life induced a feeling of ennui that made him moody and irritable.
110
enormity
N. /巨大的，严重的，极恶劣/hugeness (in a bad sense). He did not realize the enormity of his crime until he saw what suffering he had caused.
111
enrapture
V. /使其狂喜/please intensely. The audience was enrap?tured by the freshness of the voices and the excellent orchestration.
112
ensconce
V. /安排妥当/settle comfortably. Now that their children were ensconced safely in the private school, the jet-setting parents decided to leave for Europe.
113
ensemble
N. /全体；歌舞团；套装/group of (supporting) players; organic unity; costume. As a dancer with the Oakland Ballet, Benjamin enjoyed being part of the ensemble. Having acted with one another for well over a decade, the cast members have developed a true sense of ensemble: They work together seamlessly. Mitzi wore a charming two-piece ensemble designed by Donna Karan.
114
entail
V. /要求，需要；牵涉到/require; necessitate; involve. Building a college?level vocabulary will entail some work on your part.
115
enterprising
ADJ. /有魄力/full of initiative. By coming up with fresh ways to market the company's products, Mike proved him?self to be an enterprising businessman.
116
enthrall
V. /俘获/capture; enslave. From the moment he saw her picture, he was enthralled by her beauty.
117
entice
V. /吸引；引诱/lure; attract; tempt. She always tried to entice her baby brother into mischief.
118
entitlement
N. /权利/right to claim something; right to benefits. While Bill was entitled to use a company car while he worked for the firm, the company's lawyers questioned his entitlement to the vehicle once he'd quit his job.
119
entity
N. /实体/real being. As soon as the Charter was adopted, the United Nations became an entity and had to be consid?ered as a factor in world diplomacy.
120
entomology
N. /昆虫学/study of insects. Kent found entomology the most annoying part of his biology course; studying insects bugged him.
121
entourage
N. /随从，随行人员/group of attendants; retinue. Surrounded by the members of his entourage, the mayor hurried into city hall, shouting a brusque "No comment!" to the reporters lin?ing the steps.
122
entrance
V. /使其着迷；使其神志恍惚/put under a spell; carry away with emotion. Shafts of sunlight on a wall could entrance her and leave her spellbound.
123
entreat
V. /恳求/plead; ask earnestly. She entreated her father to let her stay out till midnight.
124
entrepreneur
N. /商人，企业家，承包人/businessman; contractor. Opponents of our present tax program argue that it discourages entrepre?neurs from trying new fields of business activity.
125
enumerate
V. /枚举/list; mention one by one. Huck hung his head in shame as Miss Watson enumerated his many flaws.
126
enunciate
V. /阐明/speak distinctly. Stop mumbling! How will people understand you if you do not enunciate?
127
eon
N. /时代/long period of time; an age. It has taken eons for our civilization to develop.
128
ephemeral
ADJ. /朝生暮死，短暂，短命/short-lived; fleeting. The mayfly is an ephemeral creature: its adult life lasts little more than a day.
129
epic
N. /史诗；剧作/long heroic poem, or similar work of art. Kuro?sawa's film Seven Samurai is an epic portraying the strug?gle of seven warriors to destroy a band of robbers. alsoADJ.
130
epicure
N. /老饕；享乐主义者/connoisseur of food and drink. Epicures fre?quent this restaurant because it features exotic wines and dishes. epicurean,ADJ.
131
epigram
N. /警句；讽刺民谣/witty thought or saying, usually short. Poor Richard's epigrams made Benjamin Franklin famous.
132
epilogue
N. /尾声；收场白/short speech at conclusion of dramatic work. The audience was so disappointed in the play that many did not remain to hear the epilogue.
133
episodic
ADJ. /插曲式的/loosely connected; divided into incidents. Though he tried to follow the plot of Gravity's Rainbow, John found the novel too episodic; he enjoyed individual pas?sages, but had trouble following the work as a whole.
134
epistolary
ADJ. /书信的/consisting of letters. Mark Harris's Wake Up, Stupid! is a modern epistolary novel that uses letters, telegrams, and newspaper clippings to tell the hero's story. The movie You've Got Mail tells a story using e-mail; does that make it an e-pistolary movie? epistle, N.
135
epitaph
N. /墓志铭，挽联/inscription in memory of a dead person. In his will, he dictated the epitaph he wanted placed on his tomb?stone.
136
epithet
N. /绰号/word or phrase characteristically used to describe a person or thing. So many kings of France were named Charles that you could tell them apart only by their epithets: Charles the Wise was someone far different from Charles the Fat.
137
epitome
N. /典型，摘要/perfect example or embodiment. Singing "I am the very model of a modern Major-General," in The Pirates of Penzance, Major-General Stanley proclaimed himself the epitome of an officer and a gentleman.
138
epoch
N. /时代/period of time. The glacial epoch lasted for thou?sands of years.
139
equable
ADJ. /平静的，均衡的，稳定的/tranquil; steady; uniform. After the hot sum?mers and cold winters of New England, he found the cli?mate of the West Indies equable and pleasant.
140
equanimity
N. /镇定/calmness of temperament; composure. Even the inevitable strains of caring for an ailing mother did not disturb Bea's equanimity.
141
equestrian
N. /骑师/rider on horseback. These paths in the park are reserved for equestrians and their steeds. alsoADJ.
142
equilibrium
N. /平衡/balance. After the divorce, he needed some time to regain his equilibrium.
143
equine
ADJ. /似马的/resembling a horse. His long, bony face had an equine look to it.
144
equinox
N. /昼夜平分点，春分，秋分/period of equal days and nights; the beginning of Spring and Autumn. The vernal equinox is usually marked by heavy rainstorms.
145
equitable
ADJ. /公平的，公允的/fair; impartial. I am seeking an equitable solution to this dispute, one that will be fair and acceptable to both sides.
146
equity
N. /公平，公正/fairness; justice. Our courts guarantee equity to all.
147
equivocal
ADJ. /蓄意误导；含混，模棱两可/ambiguous; intentionally misleading. Rejecting the candidate's equivocal comments on tax reform, the reporters pressed him to state clearly where he stood on the issue. equivocate,V.
148
equivocate
V. /撒谎；误导/lie; mislead; attempt to conceal the truth. The audience saw through his attempts to equivocate on the subject under discussion and ridiculed his remarks.
149
erode
V. /侵蚀/eat away. The limestone was eroded by the drip?ping water until only a thin shell remained. erosion, N.
150
erotic
ADJ. /激情的/pertaining to passionate love. The erotic pas?sages in this novel should be removed as they are merely pornographic.
151
erratic
ADJ. /奇怪的；不可预测的/odd; unpredictable. Investors become anxious when the stock market appears erratic.
152
erroneous
ADJ. /错误/mistaken; wrong. I thought my answer was correct, but it was erroneous.
153
erudite
ADJ. /博学的/learned; scholarly. Though his fellow students thought him erudite, Paul knew he would have to spend many years in serious study before he could consider him?self a scholar.
154
escapade
N. /胡闹；奇怪、出格的行为/prank; flighty conduct. The headmaster could not regard this latest escapade as a boyish joke and expelled the young man.
155
escapism
N. /逃避现实，纸醉金迷/avoiding reality by diverting oneself with amusements. Before you criticize her constant reading as mere escapism, note how greatly her vocabulary has improved since she began spending her days buried in books.
156
eschew
V. /避免/avoid. Hoping to present himself to his girlfriend as a totally reformed character, he tried to eschew all the vices, especially chewing tobacco and drinking bathtub gin.
157
esoteric
ADJ. /难以理解的，深奥的/hard to understand; known only to the cho?sen few. The New Yorker short stories often include esoteric allusions to obscure people and events: the implication is, if you are in the in-crowd, you'll get the reference; if you come from Cleveland, you won't.
158
espionage
N. /间谍行为/Spying. In order to maintain its power, the government developed a system of espionage that pene?trated every household.
159
espouse
V. /接受，支持/adopt; support. She was always ready to espouse a worthy cause.
160
esteem
V. /尊重；估价/respect; value. Jill esteemed Jack's taste in music, but she deplored his taste in clothes.
161
estranged
ADJ. /分离的；孤立的/separated; alienated. The estranged wife sought a divorce. estrangement, N.
162
ethereal
ADJ. /轻的，空气的；像天堂的/light; heavenly; unusually refined. In Shake?speare's The Tempest, the spirit Ariel is an ethereal crea?ture, too airy and unearthly for our mortal world.
163
ethnic
ADJ. /种族的/relating to races. Intolerance between ethnic groups is deplorable and usually is based on lack of infor?mation.
164
ethos
N. /社会精神特质，思潮，风气；气质/underlying character of a culture, group, etc. Seeing how tenderly ordinary Spaniards treated her small daughter made author Barbara Kingsolver aware of how greatly children were valued in the Spanish ethos.
165
etymology
N. /语源学/study of word parts. A knowledge of etymol?ogy can help you on many English tests: if you know what the roots and prefixes mean, you can determine the mean?ings of unfamiliar words.
166
eulogy
N. /颂词；赞美词/expression of praise, often on the occasion of someone's death. Instead of delivering a spoken eulogy at Genny's memorial service, Jeff sang a song he had written in her honor.
167
euphemism
N. /委婉的表达/mild expression in place of an unpleasant one. The expression "he passed away" is a euphemism for "he died."
168
euphonious
ADJ. /悦耳的/pleasing in sound. Euphonious even when spoken, the Italian language is particularly pleasing to the ear when sung. euphony. N.
169
euphoria
N. /非常愉快；病态的愉快，愉悦症/feeling of great happiness and well-being (sometimes exaggerated). Delighted with her SAT scores, sure that the university would accept her, Allison was filled with euphoria. euphoric,ADJ.
170
evanescent
ADJ. /消散的；凋零的/fleeting; vanishing. Brandon's satisfaction in his new job was evanescent, for he immediately began to notice its many drawbacks. evanescence, N.
171
evasive
ADJ. /逃避的/not frank; eluding. Your evasive answers con?vinced the judge that you were withholding important evi?dence. evade,V.
172
evenhanded
ADJ. /公平的/impartial; fair. Do men and women receive evenhanded treatment from their teachers, or, as recent studies suggest, do teachers pay more attention to male students than to females?
173
evince
V. /表示/show clearly. When he tried to answer the ques?tions, he evinced his ignorance of the subject matter.
174
evocative
ADJ. /唤起的/tending to call up (emotions, memories). Scent can be remarkably evocative: the aroma of pipe tobacco evokes the memory of my father; a whiff of talcum powder calls up images of my daughter as a child.
175
ewe
N. /母羊/female sheep. The flock of sheep was made up of dozens of ewes, together with only a handful of rams.
176
exacerbate
V. /恶化，加剧/worsen; embitter. The latest bombing exac?erbated England's already existing bitterness against the IRA, causing the prime minister to break off the peace talks abruptly.
177
exacting
ADJ. /苛刻的/extremely demanding. Cleaning the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel was an exacting task, one that demanded extremely meticulous care on the part of the restorers. exaction, N.
178
exalt
V. /晋升；赞扬/raise in rank or dignity; praise. The actor Alec Guinness was exalted to the rank of knighthood by the queen.
179
exasperate
V. /激怒/vex. Johnny often exasperates his mother with his pranks.
180
exceptionable
ADJ. /不可的，可反对的/objectionable. Do you find the punk rock band Green Day a highly exceptionable, thoroughly distasteful group, or do you think they are exceptionally tal?ented performers?
181
excerpt
N. /摘抄，摘录/selected passage (written or musical). The cin?ematic equivalent of an excerpt from a novel is a clip from a film. alsoV.
182
excise
V. /去除/cut away; cut out. When you excise the dead and dying limbs of a tree, you not only improve its appear?ance but also enhance its chances of bearing fruit. exci?sion. N.
183
exclaim
V. /呼喊，大叫/cry out suddenly. "Watson! Behind you!" Holmes exclaimed, seeing the assassin hurl himself on his friend.
184
excoriate
V. /责难，挖苦，批判；揭露/scold with biting harshness; strip the skin off. Seeing the holes in Bill's new pants, his mother furiously excoriated him for ruining his good clothes. The tight, starched collar chafed and excoriated his neck, rubbing it raw.
185
exculpate
V. /开脱，洗脱/clear from blame. He was exculpated of the crime when the real criminal confessed.
186
execrable
ADJ. /非常糟糕的/very bad. The anecdote was in such exe?crable taste that it revolted the audience.
187
execute
V. /执行，完成/put into effect; carry out. The choreographer wanted to see how well she could execute a pirouette. (sec?ondary meaning) execution, N.
188
exegesis
N. /解释，注解，通译/explanation; interpretation, especially of a bib?lical text. The minister based her sermon on her exegesis of a difficult passage from the book of Job. exegetical,ADJ.
189
exemplary
ADJ. /出色的；典范的；（杀鸡儆猴的）例子/serving as a model; outstanding. At com?mencement the dean praised Ellen for her exemplary behavior as class president.
190
exemplify
V. /作为典型；具体化/serve as an example of; embody. For a gen?eration of balletgoers, Rudolf Nureyev exemplified the ideal of masculine grace.
191
exempt
ADJ. /被免除的/not subject to a duty, obligation. Because of his flat feet, Foster was exempt from serving in the armed forces. alsoV.
192
exertion
N. /努力，尽力/effort; expenditure of much physical work. The exertion spent in unscrewing the rusty bolt left her exhausted.
193
exhaustive
ADJ. /彻底的，完全的/thorough; comprehensive. We have made an exhaustive study of all published SAT tests and are happy to share our research with you.
194
exhilarating
ADJ. /爽快的，使人愉快的/invigorating and refreshing; cheering. Though some of the hikers found tramping through the snow tiring, Jeffrey found the walk on the cold, crisp day exhilarating.
195
exhort
V. /劝诫，忠告/urge. The evangelist exhorted all the sinners in his audience to reform. exhortation, N.
196
exhume
V. /出土，发掘/dig out of the ground; remove from the grave. Could evidence that might identify the serial killer have been buried with his victim? To answer this question, the police asked the authorities for permission to exhume the victim's body.
197
exigency
N. /紧急情况/urgent situation. In this exigency, we must look for aid from our allies.
198
exodus
N. /离开，启程/departure. The exodus from the hot and stuffy city was particularly noticeable on Friday evenings.
199
exonerate
V. /开脱，免罪/acquit; exculpate. The defense team fever?ishly sought fresh evidence that might exonerate their client.
200
exorbitant
ADJ. /过度的/excessive. The people grumbled at his exor?bitant prices but paid them because he had a monopoly.
201
exorcise
V. /驱邪/drive out evil spirits. By incantation and prayer, the medicine man sought to exorcise the evil spirits which had taken possession of the young warrior.
202
exotic
ADJ. /陌生的，外来的，奇异的，异国情调/not native; strange. Because of his exotic headdress, he was followed in the streets by small children who laughed at his strange appearance.
203
expansive
ADJ. /扩张的；爽快的；广阔的/outgoing and sociable; broad and exten?sive; able to increase in size. Mr. Fezziwig was in an expan?sive humor, cheerfully urging his guests to join in the Christmas feast. Looking down on his expansive paunch, he sighed: if his belly expanded any further, he'd need an expansive waistline for his pants.
204
expatriate
N. /放逐；被放逐者/exile; someone who has withdrawn from his native land. Henry James was an American expatriate who settled in England.
205
expedient
ADJ. /合适的，有利的；策略性的/suitable; practical; politic. A pragmatic politician, he was guided by what was expedient rather than by what was ethical. expediency, N.
206
expedite
V. /加速，催促/hasten. Because we are on a tight schedule, we hope you will be able to expedite the delivery of our order. The more expeditious your response is, the happier we'll be.
207
expenditure
N. /支出，花费/payment or expense; output. When you are operating on an expense account, you must keep receipts for all your expenditures. If you don't save your receipts, you won't get repaid without the expenditure of a lot of energy arguing with the firm's accountants.
208
expertise
N. /专业知识，技能/specialized knowledge; expert skill. Although she was knowledgeable in a number of fields, she was hired for her particular expertise in computer programming.
209
expiate
V. /赎罪/make amends for (a sin). He tried to expiate his crimes by a full confession to the authorities.
210
expletive
N. /感叹词；咒骂/interjection; profane oath. The sergeant's remarks were filled with expletives that offended the new recruits.
211
explicate
V. /解释，澄清/explain; interpret; clarify. Harry Levin expli?cated James Joyce's often bewildering novels with such clarity that even Finnegan's Wake seemed comprehensible to his students.
212
explicit
ADJ. /清晰的；坦率的/totally clear; definite; outspoken. Don't just hint around that you're dissatisfied: be explicit about what's bugging you.
213
exploit
N. /壮举/deed or action, particularly a brave deed. Raoul Wallenberg was noted for his exploits in rescuing Jews from Hitler's forces.
214
exploit
V. /开发，开拓/make use of, sometimes unjustly. Cesar Chavez fought attempts to exploit migrant farmworkers in California. exploitation, N. exploitative,ADJ.
215
expository
ADJ. /解释性的/explanatory; serving to explain. The man?ual that came with my VCR was no masterpiece of exposi?tory prose: its explanations were so garbled that I couldn't even figure out how to rewind a tape. exposition, N.
216
exposure
N. /曝光，揭露；暴露（于疾病、恶劣的环境等）的状态/risk, particularly of being exposed to disease or to the elements; unmasking; act of laying something open. Exposure to sun and wind had dried out her hair and weathered her face. She looked so changed that she no longer feared exposure as the notorious Irene Adler, one?time antagonist of Sherlock Holmes.
217
expropriate
V. /没收，剥夺，征用/take possession of. He questioned the gov?ernment's right to expropriate his land to create a wildlife preserve.
218
expunge
V. /取消，去除，排除/cancel; remove. If you behave, I will expunge this notation from your record.
219
expurgate
V. /清除，净化/clean; remove offensive parts of a book. The editors felt that certain passages in the book had to be expurgated before it could be used in the classroom.
220
extant
ADJ. /现存的/still in existence. Although the book is out of print, some copies are still extant. Unfortunately, all of them are in libraries or private collections; none are for sale.
221
extent
N. /范围；程度/degree; magnitude; scope. What is the extentof the patient's injuries? If they are not too extensive, we can treat him on an outpatient basis.
222
extenuate
V. /弱化；减轻/weaken; mitigate. It is easier for us to extenu?ate our own shortcomings than those of others.
223
extol
V. /赞美/praise; glorify. The president extolled the astro?nauts, calling them the pioneers of the Space Age.
224
extort
V. /敲诈，勒索/wring from; get money by threats, etc. The black?mailer extorted money from his victim.
225
extradition
N. /引渡/surrender of prisoner by one state to another. The lawyers opposed the extradition of their client on the grounds that for more than five years he had been a model citizen.
226
extraneous
ADJ. /肤浅的，不重要的/not essential; superfluous. No wonder Ted can't think straight! His mind is so cluttered up with extraneous trivia, he can't concentrate on the essentials.
227
extrapolation
N. /推测，推断/projection; conjecture. Based on their extrapolation from the results of the primaries on Super Tuesday, the networks predicted that Bob Dole would be the Republican candidate for the presidency. extrapolate,V.
228
extricate
V. /解脱，放出，释放/free; disentangle. Icebreakers were needed to extricate the trapped whales from the icy floes that closed them in.
229
extrinsic
ADJ. /外围的，不重要的；外来的/external; not essential; extraneous. A criti?cally acclaimed extrinsic feature of the Chrysler Building is its ornate spire. The judge would not admit the testimony, ruling that it was extrinsic to the matter at hand.
230
extrovert
N. /性格外向的人/person interested mostly in external objects and actions. A good salesman is usually an extrovert, who likes to mingle with people.
231
extrude
V. /挤压，逼/force or push out. Much pressure is required to extrude these plastics.
232
exuberance
N. /富得流油的；精力充沛；浪费，过度/overflowing abundance; joyful enthusiasm; flamboyance; lavishness. I was bowled over by the exuber?ance of Amy's welcome. What an enthusiastic greeting!
233
exude
V. /卸下，流出/discharge; give forth. We get maple syrup from the sap that exudes from the trees in early spring. exudation, N.
234
exult
V. /高兴，兴高采烈/rejoice. We exulted when our team won the victory.
235
fabricate
V. /制造；编造（谎言）/build; lie. If we fabricate the buildings in this project out of standardized sections, we can reduce construction costs considerably. Because of Jack's tendency to fabricate, Jill had trouble believing a word he said.
236
facade
N. /正面的；表面的，肤浅的/front (of building); superficial or false appearance. The ornate facade of the church was often photographed by tourists, who never bothered to walk around the building to view its other sides. Susan seemed super-confident, but that was just a facade she put on to hide her insecurity.
237
facet
N. /（宝石的）琢面；方面/small plane surface (of a gem); a side. The stone?cutter decided to improve the rough diamond by providing it with several facets.
238
facetious
ADJ. /不合时宜的玩笑；幽默/joking (often inappropriately); humorous. I'm serious about this project; I don't need any facetious, smart?alecky cracks about do-gooder little rich girls.
239
facile
ADJ. /充足的；容易完成的；肤浅的/easily accomplished; ready or fluent; superfi?cial. Words came easily to Jonathan: he was a facile speaker and prided himself on being ready to make a speech at a moment's notice.
240
facilitate
V. /促进；帮助；使变容易/help bring about; make less difficult. Rest and proper nourishment should facilitate the patient's recovery.
241
facsimile
N. /复制品/COPY. Many museums sell facsimiles of the works of art on display.
242
faction
N. /派别；内讧；纠纷/party; clique; dissension. The quarrels and bick?ering of the two small factions within the club disturbed the majority of the members.
243
faculty
N. /才能，教职员工/mental or bodily powers; teaching staff. As he grew old, Professor Twiggly feared he might lose his facul?ties and become unfit to teach. However, he had tenure: whether or not he was in full possession of his faculties, the school couldn't kick him off the faculty.
244
fallacious
ADJ. /假的；误导的/false; misleading. Paradoxically, fallacious reasoning does not always yield erroneous results: even though your logic may be faulty, the answer you get may nevertheless be correct. fallacy, N.
245
fallible
ADJ. /容易犯错的/liable to err. I know I am fallible, but I feel con?fident that I am right this time.
246
fallow
ADJ. /休耕地；潜伏的；不活跃的/plowed but not sowed; uncultivated. Farmers have learned that it is advisable to permit land to lie fallow every few years.
247
falter
V. /犹豫；踌躇/hesitate. When told to dive off the high board, she did not falter, but proceeded at once.
248
fanaticism
N. /狂热的，盲目的/excessive zeal; extreme devotion to a belief or cause. When Islamic fundamentalists demanded the death of Salman Rushdie because his novel questioned their faith, world opinion condemned them for their fanati?cism.
249
fancy
N. /爱好；奇特；想象/notion; whim; inclination. Martin took a fancy to paint his toenails purple. Assuming he would outgrow such fanciful behavior, his parents ignored his fancy feet. alsoADJ.
250
fanfare
N. /号角声/call by bugles or trumpets. The exposition was opened with a fanfare of trumpets and the firing of cannon.
251
farce
N. /闹剧；嘲笑/broad comedy; mockery. Nothing went right; the entire interview degenerated into a farce. farcical,ADJ.
252
fastidious
ADJ. /挑剔的；难伺候的/difficult to please; squeamish. Bobby was such a fastidious eater that he would eat a sandwich only if his mother first cut off every scrap of crust.
253
fatalism
N. /宿命论/belief that events are determined by forces beyond one's control. With fatalism, he accepted the hard?ships that beset him. fatalistic,ADJ.
254
fathom
V. /领会；调查，测量/comprehend; investigate. I find his motives impossible to fathom; in fact, I'm totally clueless about what goes on in his mind.
255
fatuous
ADJ. /愚蠢的；不可理喻的；不理智的/foolish; inane. He is far too intelligent to utter such fatuous remarks.
256
fauna
N. /动物志/animals of a period or region. The scientist could visualize the fauna of the period by examining the skeletal remains and the fossils.
257
fawning
ADJ. /奉承/courting favor by cringing and flattering. She was constantly surrounded by a group of fawning admirers who hoped to win some favor. fawn,V.
258
faze
V. /折磨，打击/disconcert; dismay. No crisis could faze the resourceful hotel manager.
259
feasible
ADJ. /可行的/practical. Is it feasible to build a new stadium for the Yankees on New York's West Side? Without addi?tional funding, the project is clearly unrealistic.
260
fecundity
N. /丰饶/fertility; fruitfulness. The fecundity of his mind is illustrated by the many vivid images in his poems.
261
feign
V. /假装；捏造/pretend. Lady Macbeth feigned illness although she was actually healthy.
262
feint
N. /假的，淡的，不鲜明的；佯攻/trick; shift; sham blow. The boxer was fooled by his opponent's feint and dropped his guard. alsoV.
263
felicitous
ADJ. /措辞巧妙的；精巧的/apt; suitably expressed; well chosen. He was famous for his felicitous remarks and was called upon to serve as master-of-ceremonies at many a banquet. felicity, N.
264
felicity
N. /欢乐；适当/happiness; appropriateness (of a remark, choice, etc.). She wrote a note to the newlyweds wishing them great felicity in their wedded life.
265
fell
ADJ. /凶猛的，致命的/cruel; deadly. The newspapers told of the tragic spread of the fell disease.
266
fell
V. /放倒，打倒/cut or knock down; bring down (with a missile). Cry?ing "Timber!" Paul Bunyan felled the mighty redwood tree. Robin Hood loosed his arrow and felled the king's deer.
267
felon
N. /重罪犯/person convicted of a grave crime. A convicted felon loses the right to vote.
268
feral
ADJ. /野生的，未驯服的/not domestic; wild. Abandoned by their owners, dogs may revert to their feral state, roaming the woods in packs.
269
ferment
N. /激怒；挑起骚动、暴乱/agitation; commotion. With the breakup of the Soviet Union, much of Eastern Europe was in a state of fer?ment.
270
ferret
V. /侦查；搜出；赶出/drive or hunt out of hiding. She ferreted out their secret.
271
fervent
ADJ. /炙热的/ardent; hot. She felt that the fervent praise was excessive and somewhat undeserved.
272
fervid
ADJ. /炙热的/ardent. Her fervid enthusiasm inspired all of us to undertake the dangerous mission.
273
fervor
N. /热情；激情/glowing ardor; intensity of feeling. At the protest rally, the students cheered the strikers and booed the dean with equal fervor.
274
fester
V. /使溃烂，化脓/rankle; produce irritation or resentment. Joe's insult festered in Anne's mind for days, and made her too angry to speak to him.
275
festive
ADJ. /欢乐；庆祝/joyous; celebratory. Their wedding in the park was a festive occasion.
276
fetid
ADJ. /恶臭的/malodorous. The neglected wound became fetid.
277
fetter
V. /羁绊/shackle. The prisoner was fettered to the wall.
278
fiasco
N. /彻底失败/total failure. Our ambitious venture ended in a fiasco and we were forced to flee.
279
fickle
ADJ. /变化无常的；薄情的/changeable; faithless. As soon as Romeo saw Juliet, he forgot all about his old girlfriend Rosaline. Was Romeo fickle?
280
fictitious
ADJ. /想象的/imaginary. Although this book purports to be a biography of George Washington, many of the incidents are fictitious.
281
fidelity
N. /忠诚/loyalty. A dog's fidelity to its owner is one of the reasons why that animal is a favorite household pet.
282
figment
N. /发明；臆造的事务/invention; imaginary thing. That incident never took place; it is a figment of your imagination.
283
figurative
ADJ. /比喻/not literal, but metaphorical; using a figure of speech. "To lose one's marbles" is a figurative expres?sion; if you're told that Jack has lost his marbles, no one expects you to rush out to buy him a replacement set.
284
figurine
N. /小雕像/small ornamental statuette. In The Maltese Fal?con, Sam Spade was hired to trace the missing figurine of a black bird.
285
filament
N. /灯丝；精细的织物或线/fine thread or fiber; threadlike structure within a light bulb. A ray of sunlight illuminated the filaments of the spider web, turning the web into a net of gold.
286
filch
V. /偷/steal. The boys filched apples from the fruit stand.
287
filial
ADJ. /子女的/pertaining to a son or daughter. Many children forget their filial obligations and disregard the wishes of their parents.
288
filibuster
V. /（发表长篇演讲来）阻挠法案通过/to block legislation by making long speeches. Even though we disapproved of Senator Foghorn's political goals, we were impressed by his ability to filibuster end?lessly to keep an issue from coming to a vote.
289
finale
N. /结论，结尾，结局/conclusion. It is not until we reach the finale of this play that we can understand the author's message.
290
finesse
N. /精密的技巧/delicate skill. The finesse and adroitness with which the surgeon wielded her scalpel impressed all the observers in the operating room.
291
finicky
ADJ. /过分讲究；鸡毛蒜皮/too particular; fussy. The little girl was finicky about her food, leaving over anything that wasn't to her taste.
292
firebrand
N. /总惹麻烦的人，惹事生非者，捣乱人/hothead: troublemaker. The police tried to keep track of all the local firebrands when the President came to town.
293
fissure
N. /裂缝；分歧/crevice. The mountain climbers secured footholds in tiny fissures in the rock.
294
fitful
ADJ. /断断续续；间歇/spasmodic; intermittent. After several fitful attempts, he decided to postpone the start of the project until he felt more energetic.
295
flabbergasted
ADJ. /大吃一惊；目瞪口呆/astounded; astonished; overcome with surprise. In the film Flubber, the hero invents a remarkable substance whose amazing properties leave his coworkers flabbergasted. flabbergast,V.
296
flaccid
ADJ. /软弱的；无活力的/flabby. His sedentary life had left him with flac?cid muscles.
297
flag
V. /萎缩；衰退/droop; grow feeble. When the opposing hockey team scored its third goal only minutes into the first quarter, the home team's spirits flagged. flagging,ADJ.
298
flagrant
ADJ. /非常坏的；残忍的；恶名昭著的/conspicuously wicked; blatant; outrageous. The governor's appointment of his brother-in-law to the State Supreme Court was a flagrant violation of the state laws against nepotism (favoritism based on kinship).
299
flair
N. /才能/talent. She has an uncanny flair for discovering new artists before the public has become aware of their existence.
300
flamboyant
ADJ. /华丽的/ornate. Modern architecture has dis?carded the flamboyant trimming on buildings and empha?sizes simplicity of line.
301
flaunt
V. /招摇；炫耀/display ostentatiously. Mae West saw nothing wrong with showing off her considerable physical charms, saying, "Honey, if you've got it, flaunt it!"
302
fleck
V. /使起斑点/spot. Her cheeks, flecked with tears, were testi?mony to the hours of weeping.
303
fledgling
ADJ. /无经验的/inexperienced. While it is necessary to pro?vide these fledgling poets with an opportunity to present their work, it is not essential that we admire everything they write. also N.
304
fleece
N. /羊毛外套/wool coat of a sheep. They shear sheep of their fleece, which they then comb into separate strands of wool.
305
fleece
V. /抢劫；诈骗/rob; plunder. The tricksters fleeced him of his inheritance.
306
flick
N. /轻弹；轻打/light stroke as with a whip. The horse needed no encouragement; one flick of the whip was all the jockey had to apply to get the animal to run at top speed.
307
flinch
V. /畏首畏尾，退缩；犹豫/hesitate, shrink. He did not flinch in the face of danger but fought back bravely.
308
flippant
ADJ. /轻率的，没礼貌的，嬉皮笑脸的/lacking proper seriousness. When Mark told Mona he loved her, she dismissed his earnest declaration with a flippant "Oh, you say that to all the girls!" flippancy, N.
309
flit
V. /掠过/fly; dart lightly; pass swiftly by. Like a bee flitting from flower to flower, Rose flitted from one boyfriend to the next.
310
floe
N. /浮殡冰块；大浮冰/mass of floating ice. The ship made slow progress as it battered its way through the ice floes.
311
flora
N. /植物志/plants of a region or era. Because she was a botanist, she spent most of her time studying the flora of the desert.
312
florid
ADJ. /华丽的；红润的/ruddy; reddish; flowery. If you go to Florida and get a sunburn, your complexion will look florid.
313
flounder
V. /挣扎，辗转；困难地奋斗/struggle and thrash about; proceed clumsily or falter. Up to his knees in the bog, Floyd floundered about, trying to regain his footing. Bewildered by the new software, Flo floundered until Jan showed her how to get started.
314
flourish
V. /生长；繁荣；装饰/grow well; prosper; decorate with ornaments. The orange trees flourished in the sun.
315
flout
V. /轻视；嘲笑；愚弄/reject; mock. The headstrong youth flouted all authority; he refused to be curbed.
316
fluctuate
V. /波动的；起伏的，摇摆不定的/waver; shift. The water pressure in our shower fluctuates wildly; you start rinsing yourself off with a trickle, and, two minutes later, a blast of water nearly knocks you down.
317
fluency
N. /（语言）流利/smoothness of speech. He spoke French with fluency and ease.
318
fluke
N. /意外；小概率事件/unlikely occurrence; stroke of fortune. When Dou- glas defeated Tyson for the heavyweight championship, some sportscasters dismissed his victory as a fluke.
319
fluster
V. /使混乱，使迷惑/confuse. The teacher's sudden question flus?tered him and he stammered his reply.
320
flux
N. /变迁；流动/flowing; series of changes. While conditions are in such a state of flux, I do not wish to commit myself too deeply in this affair.
321
fodder
N. /粗饲料；饲养/coarse food for cattle, horses, etc. One of Nancy's chores at the ranch was to put fresh supplies of fodder in the horses' stalls.
322
foible
N. /缺点；弱点/weakness; slight fault. We can overlook the foibles of our friends; no one is perfect.
323
foil
N. /烘托；衬托/contrast. In Star Wars, dark, evil Darth Vader is a perfect foil for fair-haired, naive Luke Skywalker.
324
foil
V. /打击；打败，挫败/defeat; frustrate. In the end, Skywalker is able to foil Vader's diabolical schemes.
325
foliage
N. /树叶/masses of leaves. Every autumn before the leaves fell he promised himself he would drive through New England to admire the colorful fall foliage.
326
foment
V. /鼓动，煽动/stir up; instigate. Cheryl's archenemy Heather spread some nasty rumors that fomented trouble in the club. Do you think Cheryl's foe meant to foment such discord?
327
foolhardy
ADJ. /愚勇的；傻大胆儿/rash. Don't be foolhardy. Get the advice of experienced people before undertaking this venture.
328
fop
N. /花花公子；过分注意衣着的男人/dandy; man excessively concerned with his clothes. People who dismissed young Mizrahi as a fop felt chagrined when he turned into one of the top fashion designers of his day. foppish,ADJ.
329
forbearance
N. /耐心/patience. We must use forbearance in dealing with him because he is still weak from his illness.
330
ford
N. /津；浅滩/place where a river can be crossed on foot. Rather than risk using the shaky rope bridge, David walked a half?mile downstream until he came to the nearest ford. alsoV.
331
forebears
N. /前人；祖先/ancestors. Reverence for one's forebears (sometimes referred to as ancestor worship) plays an important part in many Oriental cultures.
332
foreboding
N. /不详的预感/premonition of evil. Suspecting no conspira?cies against him, Caesar gently ridiculed his wife's forebod?ings about the Ides of March.
333
forensic
ADJ. /法院的；适于法庭的/suitable to debate or courts of law. In her best forensic manner, the lawyer addressed the jury. foren?SiCS, N.
334
foreshadow
V. /预言；预测/give an indication beforehand; portend; pre?figure. In retrospect, political analysts realized that Yeltsin's defiance of the attempted coup foreshadowed his emer?gence as the dominant figure of the new Russian republic.
335
foresight
N. /洞察力/ability to foresee future happenings; pru?dence. A wise investor, she had the foresight to buy land just before the current real estate boom.
336
forestall
V. /预防/prevent by taking action in advance. By setting up a prenuptial agreement, the prospective bride and groom hoped to forestall any potential arguments about money in the event of a divorce.
337
forgo
V. /放弃/give up; do without. Determined to lose weight for the summer, Ida decided to forgo dessert until she could fit into a size eight again.
338
forlorn
ADJ. /孤苦的，凄凉的/sad and lonely; wretched. Deserted by her big sisters and her friends, the forlorn child sat sadly on the steps awaiting their return.
339
formality
N. /仪式；礼节/ceremonious quality; something done just for form's sake. The president received the visiting heads of state with due formality: flags waving, honor guards stand?ing at attention, anthems sounding at full blast. Signing this petition is a mere formality; it does not obligate you in any way.
340
formidable
ADJ. /威胁的，险恶的/menacing; threatening. We must not treat the battle lightly for we are facing a formidable foe.
341
forsake
V. /放弃/desert; abandon; renounce. No one expected Foster to forsake his wife and children and run off with another woman.
342
forswear
V. /放弃/renounce; abandon. The captured knight could escape death only if he agreed to forswear Christian?ity and embrace Islam as the one true faith.
343
forte
N. /强项，特殊才能/strong point or special talent. I am not eager to play this rather serious role, for my forte is comedy.
344
forthright
ADJ. /坦率的；豪爽的/outspoken; straightforward; frank. Never afraid to call a spade a spade, she was perhaps too forth?rightto be a successful party politician.
345
fortitude
N. /勇敢的/bravery; courage. He was awarded the medal for his fortitude in the battle.
346
fortuitous
ADJ. /偶然的/accidental; by chance. Though he pre?tended their encounter was fortuitous, he'd actually been hanging around her usual haunts for the past two weeks, hoping she'd turn up.
347
forum
N. /论坛/place of assembly to discuss public concerns; meeting for discussion. The film opens with a shot of the ancient Forum in Rome, where several senators are dis?cussing the strange new sect known as Christians. At the end of the movie, its director presided over a forum examin?ing new fashions in filmmaking.
348
foster
V. /养育，培养；鼓励/rear; encourage. According to the legend, Romu?lus and Remus were fostered by a she-wolf who raised the abandoned infants with her own cubs. alsoADJ.
349
founder
V. /完全失败；沉默/fail completely; sink. After hitting the sub?merged iceberg, the Titanic started taking in water rapidly and soon foundered.
350
founder
N. /创办人/person who establishes (an organization, busi?ness). Among those drowned when the Titanic sank was the founder of the Abraham & Straus department store.
351
fracas
N. /争吵；混战/brawl, melee. The military police stopped the fra?cas in the bar and arrested the belligerents.
352
fractious
ADJ. /蛮横倔强的/unruly; disobedient; irritable. Bucking and kicking, the fractious horse unseated its rider.
353
frail
ADJ. /弱的/weak. The delicate child seemed too frail to lift the heavy carton. frailty, N.
354
franchise
N. /公民权；营业执照/right granted by authority; right to vote; busi?ness licensed to sell a product in a particular territory. The city issued a franchise to the company to operate surface transit lines on the streets for ninety-nine years. For most of American history women lacked the right to vote: not until the early twentieth century was the franchise granted to women. Stan owns a Carvel's ice cream franchise in Chinatown.
355
frantic
ADJ. /狂乱/wild. At the time of the collision, many people became frantic with fear.
356
fraternize
V. /友善/associate in a friendly way. After the game, the members of the two teams fraternized as cheerfully as if they had never been rivals.
357
fraudulent
ADJ. /欺骗的/cheating; deceitful. The government seeks to prevent fraudulent and misleading advertising.
358
fraught
ADJ. /满的/filled. Since this enterprise is fraught with danger, I will ask for volunteers who are willing to assume the risks.
359
fray
N. /争吵/brawl. The three musketeers were in the thick of the fray.
360
frenetic
ADJ. /发狂的/frenzied; frantic. His frenetic activities con?vinced us that he had no organized plan of operation.
361
frenzied
ADJ. /狂乱的/madly excited. As soon as they smelled smoke, the frenzied animals milled about in their cages.
362
fresco
N. /壁画/painting on plaster (usually fresh). The cathedral is visited by many tourists who wish to admire the frescoes by Giotto.
363
fret
V. /被激怒/to be annoyed or vexed. To fret over your poor grades is foolish; instead, decide to work harder in the future.
364
friction
N. /摩擦/clash in opinion; rubbing against. At this time when harmony is essential, we cannot afford to have any friction in our group.
365
frigid
ADJ. /刺骨寒/intensely cold. Alaska is in the frigid zone.
366
frivolous
ADJ. /轻佻的；嬉皮笑脸的/lacking in seriousness; self-indulgently care?free; relatively unimportant. Though Nancy enjoyed Bill's frivolous, lighthearted companionship, she sometimes won?dered whether he could ever be serious. frivolity, N.
367
frolicsome
ADJ. /闹着玩的；嬉戏的/prankish; gay. The frolicsome puppy tried to lick the face of its master.
368
frond
N. /棕榈叶；蕨叶/fern leaf; palm or banana leaf. After the storm the beach was littered with the fronds of palm trees.
369
frugality
N. /俭省节约/thrift; economy. In economically hard times, anyone who doesn't learn to practice frugality risks bank?ruptcy. frugal,ADJ.
370
fruition
N. /享用；成就；实现/bearing of fruit; fulfillment; realization. This building marks the fruition of all our aspirations and years of hard work.
371
frustrate
V. /阻碍；挫败/thwart; defeat. We must frustrate this dictator's plan to seize control of the government.
372
fugitive
ADJ. /短暂的，易变的；流动的/fleeting or transitory; roving. The film brought a few fugitive images to her mind, but on the whole it made no lasting impression upon her.
373
fulcrum
N. /（杠杆的）支点/support on which a lever rests. If we use this stone as a fulcrum and the crowbar as a lever, we may be able to move this boulder.
374
fulsome
ADJ. /过分的/disgustingly excessive. His fulsome praise of the dictator revolted his listeners.
375
fundamental
V. /基本的，基础的/basic; primary; essential. The committee discussed all sorts of side issues without ever getting down to addressing the fundamental problem.
376
furlough
N. /休假/leave of absence; vacation granted a soldier or civil servant. Dreaming of her loved ones back in the States, the young soldier could hardly wait for her upcom?ing furlough.
377
furor
N. /非常激动/frenzy; great excitement. The story of her embez?zlement of the funds created a furor on the Stock Exchange.
378
furtive
ADJ. /隐秘的；偷偷摸摸，鬼祟/stealthy; sneaky. Noticing the furtive glance the customer gave the diamond bracelet on the counter, the jeweler wondered whether he had a potential shoplifter on his hands.
379
fusion
N. /熔合；熔接/union; coalition. The opponents of the political party in power organized a fusion of disgruntled groups and became an important element in the election.
380
futile
ADJ. /没出息；无望，没效果的/useless; hopeless; ineffectual. It is futile for me to try to get any work done around here while the telephone is ringing every thirty seconds. futility, N.
381
gadfly
N. /牛蝇；招人烦的人/animal-biting fly; an irritating person. Like a gad?fly, he irritated all the guests at the hotel; within forty-eight hours, everyone regarded him as an annoying busybody.
382
gaffe
N. /失态；出丑/social blunder. According to Miss Manners, to call your husband by your lover's name is worse than a mere gaffe; it is a tactical mistake.
383
gainsay
V. /否认，拒绝/deny. She was too honest to gainsay the truth of the report.
384
gait
N. /步态，步法；速度/manner of walking or running; speed. The lame man walked with an uneven gait.
385
galaxy
N. /星系；一群显赫的人；一系列重要的人或物/large, isolated system of stars, such as the Milky Way; any collection of brilliant personalities. Science fiction stories speculate about the possible existence of life in other galaxies. The deaths of such famous actors as John Candy and George Burns tells us that the galaxy of Holly?wood superstars is rapidly disappearing.
386
gale
N. /大风；一阵感情的爆发/windstorm; gust of wind; emotional outburst (laughter, tears). The Weather Channel warned viewers about a rising gale, with winds of up to sixty miles per hour.
387
gall
N. /痛苦；烦恼；恼怒/bitterness; nerve. The knowledge of his failure filled him with gall.
388
gall
V. /惹恼；侮辱/annoy; chafe. Their taunts galled him.
389
galleon
N. /大帆船/large sailing ship. The Spaniards pinned their hopes on the galleon, the large warship; the British, on the smaller and faster pinnace.
390
galvanize
V. /电镀；刺激，激励/stimulate by shock; stir up; revitalize. News that the prince was almost at their door galvanized the ugly stepsisters into a frenzy of combing and primping.
391
gambit
N. /弃子抢先/opening in chess in which a piece is sacrificed. The player was afraid to accept his opponent's gambit because he feared a trap which as yet he could not see. gambol V. skip; leap playfully. Watching children gambol-ing in the park is a pleasant experience. also N.
392
gamely
ADV. /勇敢的，有精神的/bravely; with spirit. Because he had fought gamely against a much superior boxer, the crowd gave him a standing ovation when he left the arena.
393
gamut
N. /整个领域/entire range. In this performance, the leading lady was able to demonstrate the complete gamut of her acting ability.
394
gape
V. /张着嘴呆看；裂缝/open widely; stare open-mouthed. The huge pit gaped before him; if he stumbled, he would fall in. Slack?jawed in wonder, Huck gaped at the huge stalactites hang?ing down from the ceiling of the limestone cavern.
395
garbled
ADJ. /混淆/mixed up; jumbled; distorted. A favorite party game involves passing a whispered message from one per?son to another until, by the time it reaches the last player, the message is totally garbled.
396
gargantuan
ADJ. /巨大的/huge; enormous. The gargantuan wrestler was terrified of mice.
397
garish
ADJ. /俗气；颜色太杂/over-bright in color; gaudy. She wore a gaudy rhinestone necklace with an excessively garish gold lame dress.
398
garner
V. /收集，储存/gather; store up. She hoped to garner the world's literature in one library.
399
garnish
V. /装饰/decorate. Parsley was used to garnish the boiled potato. also N.
400
garrulous
ADJ. /贫嘴/loquacious; wordy; talkative. My Uncle Henry can out-talk any three people I know. He is the most garrulous person in Cayuga County. garrulity, N.
401
gauche
ADJ. /粗笨的，粗糙的/clumsy; coarse and uncouth. Compared to the sophisticated young ladies in their elegant gowns, tomboyish Jo felt gauche and out of place.
402
gaudy
ADJ. /华而不实的/flashy; showy. The newest Trump skyscraper is typically gaudy, covered in gilded panels that gleam in the sun.
403
gaunt
ADJ. /瘦骨嶙峋，憔悴；荒芜/lean and angular; barren. His once round face looked surprisingly gaunt after he had lost weight.
404
gavel
N. /棒槌/hammerlike tool; mallet. "Sold!" cried the auction?eer, banging her gavel on the table to indicate she'd accepted the final bid.
405
gawk
V. /张着嘴呆看/stare foolishly; look in open-mouthed awe. The country boy gawked at the skyscrapers and neon lights of the big city.
406
genealogy
N. /家谱/record of descent; lineage. He was proud of his genealogy and constantly referred to the achievements of his ancestors.
407
generality
N. /一般性/vague statement. This report is filled with generalities; be more specific in your statements.
408
generate
V. /产生；创造/cause; produce; create. In his first days in office, President Clinton managed to generate a new mood of optimism; we just hoped he could generate some new jobs.
409
generic
ADJ. /普通的/characteristic of an entire class or species. Sue knew so many computer programmers who spent their spare time playing fantasy games that she began to think that playing Dungeons & Dragons was a generic trait.
410
genesis
N. /发源，源头/beginning; origin. Tracing the genesis of a fam?ily is the theme of Roots.
411
geniality
N. /亲切；同情/cheerfulness; kindliness; sympathy. This restaurant is famous and popular because of the geniality of the proprietor who tries to make everyone happy.
412
genre
N. /风格（文学、艺术）/particular variety of art or literature. Both a short story writer and a poet, Langston Hughes proved himself equally skilled in either genre.
413
genteel
ADJ. /上流的/well-bred; elegant. We are looking for a man with a genteel appearance who can inspire confidence by his cultivated manner.
414
gentility
N. /有教养，文雅/those of gentle birth; refinement. Her family was proud of its gentility and elegance.
415
gentry
N. /贵族/people of standing; class of people just below nobility. The local gentry did not welcome the visits of the summer tourists and tried to ignore their presence in the community.
416
germane
ADJ. /密切相关/pertinent; bearing upon the case at hand. The judge refused to allow the testimony to be heard by the jury because it was not germane to the case.
417
germinal
ADJ. /未成熟的，幼芽的/pertaining to a germ; creative. Such an idea is germinal, I am certain that it will influence thinkers and philosophers for many generations.
418
germinate
V. /发芽/cause to sprout; sprout. After the seeds ger?minate and develop their permanent leaves, the plants may be removed from the cold frames and transplanted to the garden.
419
gesticulation
N. /动作；手势/motion; gesture. Operatic performers are trained to make exaggerated gesticulations because of the large auditoriums in which they appear.
420
ghastly
ADJ. /恐怖的/horrible. The murdered man was a ghastly sight.
421
gibberish
N. /胡话；嘟囔/nonsense; babbling. Did you hear that fool boy spouting gibberish about monsters from outer space? gibber,V.
422
gibe
V. /嘲笑/mock. As you gibe at their superstitious beliefs, do you realize that you, too, are guilty of similarly foolish thoughts?
423
giddy
ADJ. /眼花缭乱/light-hearted; dizzy. He felt his giddy youth was past.
424
gingerly
ADV. /小心翼翼地/very carefully. To separate egg whites, first crack the egg gingerly.
425
girth
N. /方圆；周围环境/distance around something; circumference. It took an extra-large cummerbund to fit around Andrew Carnegie's considerable girth.
426
gist
N. /精华/essence. She was asked to give the gist of the essay in two sentences.
427
glacial
ADJ. /冰河的，冰川的/like a glacier; extremely cold. Never a warm person, when offended John could seem positively glacial.
428
glaring
ADJ. /耀眼的/highly conspicuous; harshly bright. Glaring spelling or grammatical errors in your resume will unfavor?ably impress potential employers.
429
glaze
V. /上釉/cover with a thin and shiny surface. The freezing rain glazed the streets and made driving hazardous. also N.
430
glib
ADJ. /光滑，柔顺；口齿伶俐，圆滑/fluent; facile; slick. Keeping up a steady patter to entertain his customers, the kitchen gadget salesman was a glib speaker, never at a loss for a word.
431
glimmer
V. /闪烁/shine erratically; twinkle. In the darkness of the cavern, the glowworms hanging from the cavern roof glim?mered like distant stars,
432
gloat
V. /垂涎；幸灾乐祸，洋洋得意/express evil satisfaction; view malevolently. As you gloat over your ill-gotten wealth, do you think of the many victims you have defrauded?
433
glossary
N. /词汇表/brief explanation of words used in the text. I have found the glossary in this book very useful; it has elim?inated many trips to the dictionary.
434
gloss over
V. /掩盖/explain away. No matter how hard he tried to talk around the issue, President Bush could not gloss over the fact that he had raised taxes after all.
435
glossy
ADJ. /光滑有光泽的/smooth and shining. I want this photograph printed on glossy paper, not matte.
436
glower
V. /瞪着，愤怒的看着/scowl. The angry boy glowered at his father.
437
glut
V. /充斥；过量/overstock; fill to excess. The many manufacturers glutted the market and could not find purchasers for the excess articles they had produced. also N.
438
glutton
N. /暴饮暴食者，饭桶/someone who eats too much. When Mother saw that Bobby had eaten all the cookies, she called him a little glutton. gluttonous,ADJ.
439
gnarled
ADJ. /扭曲/twisted. The gnarled oak tree had been a landmark for years and was mentioned in several deeds.
440
gnome
N. /地精；小矮人；土地公公/dwarf; underground spirit. In medieval mythol?ogy, gnomes were the special guardians and inhabitants of subterranean mines.
441
goad
V. /刺激；激励；驱策/urge on. He was goaded by his friends until he yielded to their wishes. also N.
442
gorge
N. /峡谷/small, steep-walled canyon. The white-water raft?ing guide warned us about the rapids farther downstream, where the river cut through a narrow gorge.
443
gorge
V. /狼吞虎咽/stuff oneself. The gluttonous guest gorged him?self with food as though he had not eaten for days.
444
gory
ADJ. /血腥的/bloody. The audience shuddered as they lis?tened to the details of the gory massacre.
445
gouge
V. /挖出；撕下/tear out. In that fight, all the rules were forgotten; the adversaries bit, kicked, and tried to gouge each other's eyes out.
446
gourmand
N. /老饕/epicure; person who takes excessive plea?sure in food and drink. Gourmands lack self-restraint; if they enjoy a particular cuisine, they eat far too much of it.
447
gourmet
N. /品尝家；美食比赛的评委/connoisseur of food and drink. The gourmet stated that this was the best onion soup she had ever tasted.
448
graduated
ADJ. /分级；排序/arranged by degrees (of height, difficulty, etc.). Margaret loved her graduated set of Russian hollow wooden dolls; she spent hours happily putting the smaller dolls into their larger counterparts.
449
graft
N. /移植；移植物；嫁接/piece of transplanted tissue; portion of plant inserted in another plant. After the fire, Greg required skin grafts to replace the badly damaged areas on his forearms. alsoV.
450
grandeur
N. /庄严，伟大，威严/impressiveness; stateliness; majesty. No mat?ter how often he hiked through the mountains, David never failed to be struck by the grandeur of the Sierra Nevada range.
451
grandiloquent
ADJ. /语言夸张的；词藻浮华的/pompous; bombastic; using high?sounding language. The politician could never speak sim?ply; she was always grandiloquent.
452
grandiose
ADJ. /自命不凡；堂皇；夸张的/pretentious; high-flown; ridiculously exag?gerated; impressive. The aged matinee idol still had grandiose notions of his supposed importance in the the?atrical world.
453
granulate
V. /粒化/form into grains. Sugar that has been granu?lated dissolves more readily than lump sugar. granule, N.
454
graphic
ADJ. /图像的；图画的/pertaining to the art of delineating; vividly described. I was particularly impressed by the graphic pre?sentation of the storm.
455
grapple
V. /格斗，摔跤/wrestle; come to grips with. He grappled with the burglar and overpowered him.
456
grate
V. /磨碎；惹恼；因摩擦发出的刺耳声音/make a harsh noise; have an unpleasant effect; shred. The screams of the quarreling children grated on her nerves.
457
gratify
V. /取悦/please. Lori's parents were gratified by her suc?cessful performance on the SAT.
458
gratis
ADJ. /免费的/free. The company offered to give one package gratis to every purchaser of one of their products. alsoADJ.
459
gratuitous
ADJ. /无条件的；无理由的；免费的/given freely; unwarranted; uncalled for. Quit making gratuitous comments about my driving; no one asked you for your opinion.
460
gravity
N. /重力；严重，庄严，严肃/seriousness. We could tell we were in serious trouble from the gravity of the principal's expression. (sec?ondary meaning) grave,ADJ.
461
gregarious
ADJ. /社交的；群居/sociable. Typically, partygoers are gregar?ious; hermits are not.
462
grievance
N. /委屈；冤情；不平/cause of complaint. When her supervisor ignored her complaint, she took her grievance to the union.
463
grill
V. /盘问/question severely. In violation of the Miranda law, the police grilled the suspect for several hours before read?ing him his rights. (secondary meaning)
464
grimace
N. /扭曲的脸；做鬼脸/a facial distortion to show feeling such as pain, disgust, etc. Even though he remained silent, his grimace indicated his displeasure. alsoV.
465
grisly
ADJ. /毛骨悚然的；恐怖的，可怕的/ghastly. She shuddered at the grisly sight.
466
grouse
V. /发牢骚/complain; fuss. Students traditionally grouse about the abysmal quality of "mystery meat" and similar dormitory food.
467
grotesque
ADJ. /稀奇古怪的；怪异/fantastic; comically hideous. On Halloween people enjoy wearing grotesque costumes.
468
grove
N. /小树林/group of trees (smaller than a forest); orchard. To the child, the small grove of oaks was as vast as Sherwood Forest, in which he played that legendary hero, Robin Hood.
469
grovel
V. /趴，匍匐/crawl or creep on ground; remain prostrate. Even though we have been defeated, we do not have to grovel before our conquerors.
470
grudging
ADJ. /不情愿；勉强/unwilling; reluctant; stingy. We received only grudging support from the mayor despite his earlier promises of aid.
471
gruel
V. /稀粥；极度紧张/liquid food made by boiling oatmeal, etc., in milk or water. Our daily allotment of gruel made the meal not only monotonous but also unpalatable.
472
grueling
ADJ. /重罚；使其筋疲力尽/exhausting. The marathon is a grueling race.
473
gruesome
ADJ. /可怕的/grisly; horrible. His face was the stuff of nightmares: all the children in the audience screamed when Freddy Kruger's gruesome countenance was flashed on the screen.
474
gruff
ADJ. /粗糙的；粗暴的/rough-mannered. Although he was blunt and gruff with most people, he was always gentle with children.
475
guffaw
N. /狂笑，哄笑/boisterous laughter. The loud guffaws that came from the closed room indicated that the members of the committee had not yet settled down to serious business. alsoV.
476
guile
N. /奸诈狡猾；诡计/deceit; duplicity; wiliness; cunning. lago uses considerable guile to trick Othello into believing that Desde?mona has been unfaithful.
477
guileless
ADJ. /诚实的/without deceit. He is naive, simple, and guileless; he cannot be guilty of fraud.
478
guise
N. /外观；装束/appearance; costume. In the guise of a plumber, the detective investigated the murder case.
479
gullible
ADJ. /易受骗的/easily deceived. Overly gullible people have only themselves to blame if they fall for con artists repeat?edly. As the saying goes, "Fool me once, shame on you. Fool me twice, shame on me."
480
gustatory
ADJ. /味觉的/affecting the sense of taste. The Thai restaurant offered an unusual gustatory experience for those used to a bland cuisine.
481
gusto
N. /爱好，嗜好；喜欢/enjoyment; enthusiasm. He accepted the assign?ment with such gusto that I feel he would have been satis?fied with a smaller salary.
482
gusty
ADJ. /多风的/windy. The gusty weather made sailing precari?ous.
483
hackneyed
ADJ. /常见的；不希罕，陈腐/commonplace; trite. When the reviewer criticized the movie for its hackneyed plot, we agreed; we had seen similar stories hundreds of times before.
484
haggard
ADJ. /枯槁的；憔悴的/wasted away; gaunt. After his long illness, he was pale and haggard.
485
haggle
V. /讨价还价/argue about prices. I prefer to shop in a store that has a one-price policy because, whenever I haggle with a shopkeeper, I am never certain that I paid a fair price for the articles I purchased.
486
hallowed
ADJ. /神圣化的/blessed; consecrated. Although the dead girl's parents had never been active churchgoers, they insisted that their daughter be buried in hallowed ground.
487
hallucination
N. /幻觉，幻想/delusion. I think you were frightened by a hallucination you created in your own mind.
488
halting
ADJ. /犹豫的/hesitant; faltering. Novice extemporaneous speakers often talk in a halting fashion as they grope for the right words.
489
hamper
V. /阻挡，牵制，妨碍/obstruct. The new mother didn't realize how much the effort of caring for an infant would hamper her ability to keep an immaculate house.
490
haphazard
ADJ. /随机的/random; by chance. His haphazard read?ing left him unacquainted with the authors of the books.
491
harangue
N. /夸大的讲话/noisy speech. In her lengthy harangue, the principal berated the offenders. alsoV.
492
harass
V. /烦恼/to annoy by repeated attacks. When he could not pay his bills as quickly as he had promised, he was harassed by his creditors.
493
harbinger
N. /先驱/forerunner. The crocus is an early harbinger of spring.
