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Huma > Baroque - Dutch > Flashcards

Baroque - Dutch Flashcards

1
Q

Dutch Baroque painting - background and characteristic

A
  1. seven northern provinces got independence and founded the Dutch Republic in 1648
  2. Protestant culture - relatively little religious art
  3. affluent economy built on banking and seatrade with Africa, Asia and Pacific
  4. birth of an open art market - private commissions from prosperous middle class favored portraits, genre scenes, landscape and still life
  5. retained elements of flemish paintings but also surpassed it -> dutch golden age
  6. centers - Utrecht, Haarlem, Amsterdam, Delft
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2
Q

Utrecht Caravaggism

A
  1. adopted Caravaggio’s realism and tenebrism
  2. people from daily life used in religious and genre scenes
  3. dramatic lighting, strong chiaroscuro in composition
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3
Q

Hendrick Ter Brugghen

A
  1. Dutch Baroque painters - The Utrecht School
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4
Q

Hendrick Ter Brugghen - Calling of St. Matthew

A
  1. caravaggesque theme reinerpreted
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5
Q

Gerrit van Honothorst - Supper Party

A
  1. Specialized in night scenes of light-hearted gatherings
    — mundane tavern setting, nocturnal light - candles as light sources
  2. might have moral lesson
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6
Q
  1. Gerrit (Gerard) van Honthorst
A

1.both came across Caravaggio’s works at first hand when staying in Italy
2. Dutch

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6
Q
  1. Gerrit (Gerard) van Honthorst
A

1.both came across Caravaggio’s works at first hand when staying in Italy
2. Dutch

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7
Q
  1. Gerrit (Gerard) van Honthorst
A

1.both came across Caravaggio’s works at first hand when staying in Italy
2. Dutch Baroque painters - The Utrecht School

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8
Q

Frans Hals

A
  1. mainly active in Haarlem
  2. worked on all kinds of portraiture and merged group portraits with history painting
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9
Q

Rembrandt van Rijn

A
  1. excelled in portraiture, dealt also with biblical and literary subjects
  2. tried to reform portraiture but was not accepted
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10
Q

Frans Hals - Archers of Saint Hadrian

A
  1. tried to represent each individual in group portrait; retained action and variety in dynamic composition
    — one of the civic militia groups - fought for the independence of the country
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11
Q

Frans Hals - The Laughing Cavalier

A
  1. influenced by Antwerp school - rosy flesh colour
  2. meticulous details of costume
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12
Q

Frans Hals - Malle Babbe

A
  1. portrait of a drunkard with devilish vivacity
  2. proverb: drunk as an owl
  3. in free-flowing and broad brushstrokes
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13
Q

Rembrandt van Rijn - Anatomy lesson of Dr. Tulp

A
  1. dynamic group portrait done in meticulous style of his early years
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14
Q

Rembrandt van Rijn - night watch

A
  1. Amsterdam civic militia is about to depart for a festive parade for the visit of Maria de’ Medici
  2. layering of light and shadow in composition
  3. trimmed on four sides in 18th century
  4. captain frans banning cocq is inviting Lieutenant willem van Rutyemburg to line up the company for the parade
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15
Q

Rembrandt van Rijn - return of the Prodigal Son

A
  1. Spiritual stillness evokes inward-turning contemplation
  2. profound sympathy for human affliction towards the end of the painter’s life
  3. used a more subdued palette in his old age
  4. thick paint, impressionistic brushstrokes
16
Q

Rembrandt van Rijn

A
  1. produced nearly 80 self- portraits
  2. experimented with drama of lighting in his early work
17
Q

Rembrandt van Rijn - Self-portrait at age 34

A
  1. painted during prime time of his career
  2. presents himself as Renaissance gentleman - compared himself with Durer, Titan and Raphael
18
Q
A
19
Q

Rembrandt van Rijn - self-portrait with two circles

A

1.lifelong pursuit - reviews human soul through expressive face
2. “rembrandt lighting”
3. confident and self-assurance of a painter despite his broken financial situation

20
Q

Jan Vermeer

A
  1. dutch interior painting
  2. based in delft, innkeeper and art dealer
  3. created only 36 paintings - small scale, slow execution
  4. typical exquisite, domestic interior scenes of ordinary life with allegorical meanings
  5. friend of Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, inventor of microscope
21
Q

Jan Steen

A
  1. dutch interior painting
  2. active in Leiden and Haarlem
  3. lively indoor scenes with satirical meanings
22
Q

Jan Vermeer - Girl with a Pearl earring

A
  1. Vermeer’s work are often compared to photographs
23
Q

Jan Vermeer - the Milkmaid

A

1.mature work: restricted palette, colour in logical sequence
2. complete silence and stillness gives the figure a sense of dignity
3. balanced geometric composition lends the figure monumentality

24
Q

Jan Vermeer- Young woman with a water Jug

A
  1. typical flemish domestic interior with a window
  2. complex composition in contrasts of figures and of horizontals and verticals
  3. map of holland -> pride for new country
25
Q

Jan vermeer - The love letter

A

1.dark foreground, looking into a room with a hidden light sources
2. use of mirrors, camera obscura and other optical aids

26
Q

Jan Steen - Feast of Saint Nicholas

A
  1. Saint Nicholas just brought christmas presents to the family
    2.chaotic household
  2. alludes to selfishness, pettiness and jealousy
27
Q

Jacob van Ruisdael

A
  1. dutch landscapes and seascapes
  2. active in Haarlem, then Amsterdam
  3. specialized in landscapes, though also produced seascapes and town scenes
  4. typical composition with low horizon
28
Q

Jacob van Ruisdael - view of haarlem with bleaching grounds

A
  1. low horizon - sky fills 2/3 of the painting -> “sky-scape”
  2. landscape imbued with a quite serenity and spirituality
    3.saint bavo church and windmills stand in background
29
Q

Jacob van Ruisdael - vessels in a fresh breeze

A
  1. captured the ever-changing character of nature with realistic skies and subtle light
30
Q

pieter claesz

A
  1. dutch still life painting
  2. active in haarlem
  3. life-long pursuit - accuracy of reflected light
31
Q

willem kalf

A
  1. dutch still life painting
  2. active in rotterdam and amsterdam
  3. renowned for “ostentatious style” for still life - included lavish luxury in the paintings
32
Q

PieterClaesz - Vanitas still life with violin and glass ball

A
  1. memento mori refer to worldly accomplishments
  2. all is vanity - fleeting existence of human beings
  3. self portrait of painter reflected in the glass ball
33
Q

willem kalf - still life with a late ming ginger jar

A
  1. material affluence in Holland - prosperous maritime trade brings opulent objects - indian carpet and chinese jar - to the country
  2. combined in a vanitas painting - includes a watch, a peach and a peeled lemon

Huma (18 decks)

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