BAP39 - Polyps and neoplasms of small and large bowels Flashcards
Which of the following are non-neoplastic polyps? A. Hamartomatous polyps B. Hyperplastic polyps C. Inflammatory polyps D. Adenoma (tubular) E. Sessile serrated adenoma F. Traditional serrated adenoma
A,B,C
Which 3 types of polyps can also be classified as serrated polyps?
Which type is the MC polyp in adults
- Hyperplastic polyps (MC, 75% of serrated polyp)
- Sessile serrated adenoma
- Traditional serrated adenoma
All neoplasitc polyps (adenoma, sessile serrated adenoma..) are pre-malignant lesions that may develop into malignant polyps such as?
Carcinoma/ Lymphoma/ Sarcoma
What are harmatomatous polyps?
They are mostly sporadic, sometimes syndrome - with extraintestinal manesfistations
Disorganized overgrowth of tissue indigenous to the site (= normal tissue, abnormal configuration)
____________ is the MC site of diverticular, GI polyps and carcinoma.
Sigmoid colon
Haramatomatous polyps can be further divided into ____________ and ____________ polyps.
Juvenile polyps and Peutz-Jeghers polyps
Which of the following about Juvenile polyps are correct?
A. MC in children less than 5 y/o
B. Mostly located in the jejunum
C. with 3-100 polyps
D. with increased risk of adenocarcinoma
E. there is cystic dilation of glandular structures in inflamed stroma
All except B
B: most common in the rectum, with rectal bleed, prolapse through anal sphincter
Which of the following about Peutz-Jeghers polyps are correct?
A. Most common in jejunum > ileum > colon > stomach
B. Patients may present with mucosal pigmentation of the buccal mucosa
C. Polyps are localized rather than all over in the GI tract
D. There is a small malignant potential per se, but increased risk of CA colon, pancreas, breast and ovary
E. In histology, pedunculated polyp with arborizing smooth muscle cores can be seen with Christmas tree appearance
All except C
Polyps are all over the entire GI tract
Inflammatory polyps are _____________overgrowth secondary to chronic recurrent mucosal injury and regeneration.
muscosal
What is the clinical triad for inflammatory polyps?
Rectal bleed, mucus discharge, inflammatory lesion of anterior rectal wall
Inflammatory bowels is associated with _____________, solitary rectal ulcer and other chronic colitis.
IBD
Colorectal neoplasms can be classified into epithelial, mesenchymal tumors and lymphoma.
Name the 3 epithelial tumors and the 2 mesenchymal tumors.
Epithelial tumors
- Adenoma
- Adenocarcinoma
- Neuroendocrine neoplasm
Mesenchymal tumor
- Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)
- Leiomyoma
Colorectal adenoma are A. Benign B. Glandular C. Precursor of colorectal CA but must does not develop D. With villous type as majority E. With epithelial dysplasia
All except D
Tubular type is MC, >75% tubular glands;
MC in sigmoid colon;
Tubulovillous > villious is least common (with protein and K-rich mucous
Differences between LG and HG dysplasia? (grade)
- Architecture
- LG: simple
- HG: complex, fused glands - Cytological atypia
LG: mild: cigar-shaped nuclei, preserved nuclear polarity
HG: marked: loss of nuclear polatiry, distinct nucleoi
Compare the malignancy of hyperplastic polyp, sessile serrated polyp and traditional serrated polyp.
Hyperplasitc polyp is non-malignant;
others are pre-malignant
Compare the MC sites of hyperplastic polyp, sessile serrated polyp and traditional serrated polyp.
Hyperplasitc polyp: left colon (sigmoid)
Sessile serrated polyp: right colon
Traditional serrated polyp: left colon
This type of polyp has star-shaped lumina, <5mm and it is non-malignant. It is the MC form of serrated adenoma.
Hyperplasitic polyp