Bandura Developmental Area Flashcards
What does the meditational area refer to?
The meditation area refers to internal mental processes that exist between environmental stimuli and the response made by the individual to those stimuli.
Name the types of meditational processes.
The types of mediational processes are:
• attention
• retention
• reproduction
• motivation
What were Bandura’s Aims?
Children shown aggressive models will show significantly more imitative aggressive acts resembling those of their models than those shown non-aggressive or no models.
Children shown non-aggressive, subsided models will show significantly less aggressive behaviour those shown aggressive or no models.
Boys will show significantly more imitative aggression than girls.
Children will imitate same-sex model behaviour to a greater degree than opposite sex behaviour.
Bandura’s Sample:
Social class: middle/upper class
Sampling technique: opportunity sampling (whatever kids were there at the time).
Age of the children: between 3 and 6 years old.
Ethnicity: white (mostly white Americans)
Sample size: 72 children
Location where the study took place:
America
School the kids came from:
Stanford University Nursery School
What are the assumptions of the Social Learning Theory (SLT)?
Assumptions of the SLT (proposed by Albert Bandura) include:
• Behaviour is learned from the environment through the process of observational learning which involves modelling, imitation, identification and vicarious reinforcement.
• The consequences of others behaviour is observed and this guides future behaviours (vicarious reinforcement)
• Meditational (cognitive) processes occur between stimuli (the role model’s behaviour) and response (imitation) these include attention, retention (memory) and motivation.
What is the definition of: Modelling?
Modelling: in order for observational learning to take place, someone must model the behaviour/attitude to be learned.
What is the definition of: Imitation?
Imitation: the modelled behaviour must be copied. Whether behaviour is imitated depends on: the modelled characteristics; the observer’s ability to perform that behaviour; the observed consequences of that behaviour.
What is the meaning of: Identification?
Identification refers to the extent in which an observer relates to a model.
In order to identify with a model, the observer must feel that they are similar enough to the model.
What is the meaning of: Vicarious reinforcement?
Vicarious reinforcement refers to the consequences experienced by a model and then make judgments to the likelihood of experience these outcomes themselves.
What is the meaning of: Vicarious reinforcement?
Vicarious reinforcement refers to the consequences experienced by a model and then make judgments to the likelihood of experience these outcomes themselves.
What is meant by the term Attention (in mediational processes)?
Attention - where the behaviour of the model must grab the attention of the learner for them to notice the behaviour and to implement observational learning.
What is meant by the term Retention (in mediational processes)?
Retention - retention is how well the behaviour is remembered.
What is meant by the term Reproduction (in mediational processes)?
Reproduction - the ability to execute the model’s behaviour.
What is meant by the term Motivation (in mediational processes)?
By using the term motivation, we are saying that the child must have the desire or will to replicate the behaviour observed.
What is meant by inter rater reliability?
Inter rater reliability measure the degree of agreement between people observing or assessing the same thing.
