Bandura Flashcards
1
Q
Research method
A
- laboratory experimental method as it had IV, DVS and controls
- example of example of controlled experiments- control enhanced the validity of the study by controlling extraneous aria less by putting the toys being set out in the same order for every child meant that the child wouldn’t confound the results by playing with the first toy they saw in the room.
- however the set up was not really natural for the child and so to come extent it lacked ecological validity
- matched participant design as the children were matched on the basis of their prior levels of aggression- this would control participant variables and increase the validity of the research
2
Q
Data
A
- collected both quantitative and qualitative data
- there was non#significant comparison between the control group and both the aggressive and non-aggressive conditions
- explains by the act that the boys aggression was high in allonditkons except the female aggressive model condition but this is counteracted by the higher level of aggression shown by the girls in this condition
- there is a trend in behaviour but no certainties for example not every boy who saw an aggressive role model showed aggressive behaviour
- qualitative data - quotes of things that children said which did illustrate their reasons for some behaviour and so enhanced our understanding
3
Q
Strength of collecting quantitative data in Bandura
A
- ability to analyse the results to test for significance and make clear comparisons between the variables
4
Q
Weakness of using quantitative data for Bandura
A
- doesn’t show us why children might have displayed such behaviour
5
Q
Ethics that Bandura upheld
A
- informed consent: teachers can give consent in place of parents and are expected to adopt the view of the parents in terms of what it likely to be the consequences for the children
6
Q
How can banduras study be unethical
A
- right to withdraw: children were not aware of the right to withdraw and so they had no choice as to whether they took part
- protection from harm: the child saw an aggressive role model and then behaved in an imitative and non-imitative aggressive way. This would suggest that their behaviour has changed
- in stage 2 children were told that they couldn’t play with the toys which would also be harmful to a child’s self-esteem and causes anxiety in young children
7
Q
How is banduras study low in construct validity
A
- banduras study was controlled which meant that controlled variables can occur which reduces the validity of the research
- by putting the toys in the same place in the observation room, the children would not behave differently if they went for the first toy they came across
- the model also had a certain number of actins to be repeated an exact number.
- the pre-testing of the children and the way which they were placed in different conditions on a matched basis went that the results could not have been affected by all the naturally aggressive children accidentally ending up in the same conditions
- the highly stylised way in which the models aggressors against the bobo doll enabled Bandura to know whether behaviour shown by the children in the third room had been learned during the experiment or not as some of these behaviours were so particular that they could only have been learned during the experiment.
8
Q
How is banduras study high in internal reliability
A
The procedure was highly replicable as it was replicated with so many children during the experiment
9
Q
How’s Banduras study low in internal reliability
A
The sample was not large enough to establish reliable effects as there weee only 6 children in each condition
10
Q
Sample
A
- lacks representativeness as the fact that young children will imitate adults does not tell us anything about how likely adults are to imitate behaviour if behaviour is learned through observation and reinforcement, then there would be a lot more violence in society due to adults playing video games.
- young children may simply have been doing what adults do in a new situation. The children had not seen a bobo doll before and when given something unfamiliar and then they just copied.
- banduras technique of using a restricted sample also limits the generalisability of the results. The parents who used the Stanford university probably had similar characteristics such as socio-economic status and therefore the children were limited in their representativeness of all children
11
Q
How is banduras study ethnocentric
A
- the study was carried out in America and presumably on American children. Given that America is different from many other countries in its high level of gun ownership it may have affected the likelihood of the children learning aggressive behaviour.
- this makes the study ethnocentric if we assume the same imitative nature of learning g. Ehaviour haplens in every culture as it does in America
12
Q
NURTURE SIDE
How does Bandura link to nature/nurture debate
A
- showed how behaviour is developed through external influences and interactions. The behaviour is socially constructed through the observation and imitation of adults and their interaction with the bobo doll.
- the effect of society could mean that society could have shown acceptance of different behaviours such as aggression for boys.
- the fact that the qualitative shows comments about the behaviour shown by the adults such as ‘that ain’t no way for a lady to behave” showing how it is considered acceptable for boys to behave in an aggressive manner.
- parents also influence and reinforce stereotypical behaviour, playing with a boy who picks up a tractor and not playing with a boy who picks up a toy.
- parents act in a way that fits in with society’s stereotypical manner and view.
13
Q
NATURE SIDE
How does banduras study link to the nature/nurture debate
A
- boys can show more aggression that girls due to boys being more naturally aggressive than girls.
- this is because of the presence of testosterone in boys which is more higher than girls
14
Q
How does banduras study link with the free will/determism debate
(DETERMINISM)
A
- the concept of biological determism
- testosterone levels are linked to aggression, meaning that boys would be more likely to show aggression than girls
15
Q
(FREE WILL)
How does banduras study link to free will/determinism debate
A
- data shows that physical aggression shown by female role models was not imitated to the extent that aggression shown by the male role models was
- this indicates that some choices being made by the children as to what was an acceptable way to behave
- verbal aggression was imitated more copy the children
- this shows that children have the understanding and thinking about what they should or shouldn’t do which indicates that they have free will
